Anti-migraine activity of freeze-dried latex obtained from Calotropis gigantea Linn

Abstract

Migraine which is characterized by a pulsating headache affected an estimated population of 12% worldwide. Herbal products like latex derived from Calotropis gigantea R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae) are a representative intervention to treat migraine traditionally. However, post harvesting stability issues of latex affects its biological potential. Freeze drying has been successfully employed for the encapsulation of herbal bioactive compounds resulting in stable dried preparations. Latex derived from Calotropis gigantea (C. gigantea) was microencapsulated using chitosan by freeze-drying (FDCG) method and compared with sun rays dried latex (ADCG). Current investigation was aimed to improve the shelf life of latex by freeze drying microencapsulation technique and evaluation of its antimigraine potential. Dried latex powders (ADCG and FDCG) were evaluated in terms of phenolic content, coloring strength, rst-order kinetic, color parameters (L*, a*, b*, C* and E*), moisture, water activity, solubility and hygroscopicity. Additionally, apomorphine -induced climbing behavior, l-5-HTP induced syndrome and MK 801 induced hyperactivity were used to evaluate the antimigraine potential of powdered latex. FDCG showed good physico-chemical properties due to its higher concentration of phenolic and avonoid content. Moreover, FDCG signi cantly reduced the apomorphine -induced climbing behavior, l-5-HTP -induced syndrome and MK 801 -induced hyperactivity in a dose dependent manner through dopaminergic and serotonergic receptors interaction. In conclusion, method developed for shelf-life improvement of latex offered maximum protection over a period of 10 weeks with retaining its natural biological potential, thus it can be effectively utilized in the treatment or management of migraine.

Neuroprotective and Mental Health Benefits of Salt-Tolerant Plants: A Comprehensive Review of Traditional Uses and Biological Properties

“…The results of these studies demonstrated the reduction in immobility in the forced swimming test after acute pre-treatment at 125 mg/kg, and after 14 days of treatment at 30 and 125 mg/kg [66,67]. Moreover, the latex extracted from the aerial parts of C. gigantea decreased apomorphine-induced climbing behaviour, l-5-HTP-induced syndrome, and MK-801-induced hyperactivity in a dosedependent way by influencing dopaminergic and serotonergic receptor interaction [65].…”

“…The most used plant parts are leaves, like S. europaea, A. officinalis, P. major, while N. tangutorum was the only one testing the fruit [32,[68][69][70]. Further, several methods were used for extracting the biomass, including drying samples under sunlight, freezedrying microencapsulated latex for C. gigantea [65], refluxing for 1 h in aqueous ethanol for A. venetum leaves [66,67], and using hot distilled water at 60 • C for 15 min for P. major leaves [70]. Additionally, 95% ethanol was used for 3 h with stirring for N. tangutorum fruit [69], and enzyme-digested PhytoMeal ethanol extract (PM-EE) was used for S. europaea stem and leaves [32].…”

“…For instance, S. europaea contains caffeic acid, trans-ferulic acid, acanthoside B, isorhamnetin, and irilin B, along with carbohydrates, uronic acids, and proteins [32]. C. gigantea latex comprises alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, sterols, and triterpenes [65]. A. venetum leaves contain hyperoside and isoquercitrin [66,67], while A. officinalis leaves include hypolaetin-8-glucoside, isoquercitrin, kaempferol, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, coumarins, scopoletin, phytosterols, tannins, asparagines, and amino acids [68].…”