Anti-Müllerian Hormone Is Not Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Adolescent Females

Abstract

ObjectivesEpidemiological evidence for associations of Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) with cardiometabolic risk factors is lacking. Existing evidence comes from small studies in select adult populations, and findings are conflicting. We aimed to assess whether AMH is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in a general population of adolescent females.MethodsAMH, fasting insulin, glucose, HDLc, LDLc, triglycerides and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured at a mean age 15.5 years in 1,308 female participants in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Multivariable linear regression was used to examine associations of AMH with these cardiometabolic outcomes.ResultsAMH values ranged from 0.16–35.84 ng/ml and median AMH was 3.57 ng/ml (IQR: 2.41, 5.49). For females classified as post-pubertal (n = 848) at the time of assessment median (IQR) AMH was 3.81 ng/ml (2.55, 5.82) compared with 3.25 ng/ml (2.23, 5.05) in those classed as early pubertal (n = 460, P≤0.001). After adjusting for birth weight, gestational age, pubertal stage, age, ethnicity, socioeconomic position, adiposity and use of hormonal contraceptives, there were no associations with any of the cardiometabolic outcomes. For example fasting insulin changed by 0% per doubling of AMH (95%CI: −3%,+2%) p = 0.70, with identical results if HOMA-IR was used. Results were similar after additional adjustment for smoking, physical activity and age at menarche, after exclusion of 3% of females with the highest AMH values, after excluding those that had not started menarche and after excluding those using hormonal contraceptives.ConclusionOur results suggest that in healthy adolescent females, AMH is not associated with cardiometabolic risk factors.

Demographic, lifestyle, and other factors in relation to antimüllerian hormone levels in mostly late premenopausal women

“…Of 11 studies that reported results from healthy women on the association of BMI with AMH concentrations (9, 27, 28, 31–33, 36, 41–44), seven reported no significant association (9, 27, 36, 41–44), whereas four observed a significant inverse association (28, 31–33). Our non-significant association between BMI and AMH is consistent with the results from most studies of healthy women.…”

Anti-Müllerian Hormone as a marker of ovarian reserve in relation to cardio-metabolic health: A narrative review

“…However, there was no correction for confounders besides age and BMI, such as smoking status [29]. In cross-sectional research conducted in a large cohort of adolescent females, AMH quintile was not associated with lipid and blood glucose levels and insulin resistance, nor with C-reactive protein (CRP) levels [30]. This was supported by another study among adolescents [31], including subjects with a diagnosis of PCOS (5.3%).…”

Antimüllerian hormone levels and antral follicle count as prognostic indicators in a personalized prediction model of live birth

“…Maternal adiposity has previously been shown to decrease the probability of pregnancy in women undergoing IVF with autologous oocytes but not donor oocytes, suggesting that this effect is mediated via oocyte quality not endometrial receptivity (32,33). Consistent with this, obesity as determined by both BMI and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry determined that fat mass has been shown to not influence maternal AMH measurements, suggesting that the negative effect is not mediated through oocyte quantity (34,35).…”