Anti-Obesity Potential of Ponciri Fructus: Effects of Extracts, Fractions and Compounds on Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Lamichhane, Gopal; Pandeya, Prakash Raj; Lamichhane, Ramakanta; Rhee, Su-jin; Devkota, Hari Prasad; Jung, Hyun‐Ju

doi:10.3390/molecules27030676

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 75 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…PFI has various pharmacological properties such as antiallergy, antitumor, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects ( 16 – 20 ). PFI contains high amounts of various compounds, including flavonoids (naringin, neoponcirin, and poncirin) and coumarins (umbelliferone, imperatorin, and auraptene), which have various pharmacological activities, including anticancer and anti-inflammatory effects ( 24 , 25 ). Naringin exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiapoptotic effects in treating LPS-induced cardiac injury ( 31 , 32 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has recently been reported that PFIE improves insulin resistance by regulating macrophage-mediated inflammation and enhances glucose and lipid metabolism in high-fat diet-induced obese mice ( 24 ). Moreover, PFIE has shown strong anti-adipogenic activity by downregulating the adipogenic markers, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors proteins γ, sterol response element binding proteins-1, and CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins α ( 25 ). However, the effects of PFI on sepsis remain unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ponciri Fructus Immaturus ethanol extract attenuates septic shock through inhibition of the STAT1 signaling pathway

Hwang

Jang²,

Park³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory disease to infections and results in tissue damage and multiple organ failure. Ponciri Fructus Immaturus (PFI) is widely used in traditional medicine for allergic inflammation and gastrointestinal disorders. However, the effect of PFI on sepsis is still unknown. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects of PFI ethanol extract (PFIE) in LPS-stimulated J774 macrophages and mice with CLP- or LPS-induced sepsis, respectively. PFIE attenuates the LPS-induced production of the proinflammatory mediator NO by inhibiting the expression of iNOS in J774 cells. Real-time RT-PCR data and ELISA showed that the mRNA and protein levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 increased in LPS-stimulated J774 cells. However, this induction was significantly suppressed in PFIE pre-treated J774 cells. We also found that PFIE administration increased the survival rate of mice with LPS- and CLP-induced sepsis. Decreased serum levels of AST, ALT, and CK were observed after administration of PFIE, which was associated with reduced production of proinflammatory factors, such as NO, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. Moreover, PFIE suppressed the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of STAT1 in LPS-stimulated J774 cells, suggesting that PFIE can inhibit LPS- and CLP-induced septic shock by suppressing the STAT1 activation. These findings provide the potential therapeutic relevance of PFIE in treating acute inflammatory disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ponciri Fructus Immaturus ethanol extract attenuates septic shock through inhibition of the STAT1 signaling pathway

Hwang

Jang²,

Park³

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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“…Obesity has been related to additional metabolic diseases such as insulin resistance, NAFLD, T2D, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, and cancer [ 90 ]. Adipose tissue growth results in fat storage in pre-existing adipocytes and the transformation of preadipocytes into mature adipocytes, a process called adipogenesis [ 91 ]. Under adipogenic conditions, more amount of free fatty acids will be produced by hypertrophic adipocytes [ 92 ].…”

Section: Mechanism Of Ck Against Metabolic Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioconversion, Pharmacokinetics, and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Compound K and Its Analogues for Treating Metabolic Diseases

Morshed,

Akter,

Karim

et al. 2024

CIMB

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Rare ginsenoside compound K (CK) is an intestinal microbial metabolite with a low natural abundance that is primarily produced by physicochemical processing, side chain modification, or metabolic transformation in the gut. Moreover, CK exhibits potent biological activity compared to primary ginsenosides, which has raised concerns in the field of ginseng research and development, as well as ginsenoside-related dietary supplements and natural products. Ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, and Rc are generally used as a substrate to generate CK via several bioconversion processes. Current research shows that CK has a wide range of pharmacological actions, including boosting osteogenesis, lipid and glucose metabolism, lipid oxidation, insulin resistance, and anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptosis properties. Further research on the bioavailability and toxicology of CK can advance its medicinal application. The purpose of this review is to lay the groundwork for future clinical studies and the development of CK as a therapy for metabolic disorders. Furthermore, the toxicology and pharmacology of CK are investigated as well in this review. The findings indicate that CK primarily modulates signaling pathways associated with AMPK, SIRT1, PPARs, WNTs, and NF-kB. It also demonstrates a positive therapeutic effect of CK on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and its complications, as well as osteoporosis. Additionally, the analogues of CK showed more bioavailability, less toxicity, and more efficacy against disease states. Enhancing bioavailability and regulating hazardous variables are crucial for its use in clinical trials.

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“…Among these, esculin [32,33], scopoline [34,35], caffeic acid [36,37], fraxetin [38,39], scopoletin [40,41], isofraxidin [42,43], scoparone [44,45] and imperatorin [46,47] have been previously reported to exhibit hepatoprotective effects, along with inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis or anti-osteoporotic effects. Furthermore, bergapten has been demonstrated to hinder osteoclast differentiation and mitigate bone loss in OVX mice [48], while oxypeucedanin and phellopterin have exhibited anti-obesity properties [49]. Therefore, the principal active compounds accountable for the bone-protective and hepatoprotective effects of WEAD encompass esculin, scopoline, caffeic acid, fraxetin, scopoletin, isofraxidin, scoparone, imperatorin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin and phellopterin.…”

Section: Phytochemical Constituents Of Weadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…while oxypeucedanin and phellopterin have exhibited anti-obesity properties [49]. Therefore, the principal active compounds accountable for the bone-protective and hepatoprotective effects of WEAD encompass esculin, scopoline, caffeic acid, fraxetin, scopoletin, isofraxidin, scoparone, imperatorin, bergapten, oxypeucedanin and phellopterin.…”

Section: Phytochemical Constituents Of Weadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Extract of Angelica dahurica Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Loss

Gu,

Yang,

Kim

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Angelica dahurica radix has a long history of traditional use in China and Korea for treating headaches, cold-damp pain and skin diseases. Despite various pharmacological studies on A. dahurica, its impact on bones remains unclear. Hence, this study investigated the inhibitory effect of A. dahurica’s radix water extract (WEAD) on osteoclast differentiation. In vitro experiments showed that WEAD effectively suppresses osteoclast differentiation. Treatment of an osteoclast precursor with WEAD significantly suppressed the expression of nuclear factor of activated T-cells 1 (NFATc1), essential transcription factor for osteoclastogenesis, while increasing the expression of negative regulators, interferon regulatory factor 8 (Irf8) and v-maf musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MafB). Consistent with the in vitro findings, the oral administration of WEAD (100 and 300 mg/kg/day) to mice subjected to surgical ovariectomy for a duration of six weeks alleviated bone loss, while also mitigating weight gain and liver fat accumulation. In addition, we also identified phytochemicals present in WEAD, known to regulate osteoclastogenesis and/or bone loss. These results suggest the potential use of WEAD for treating various bone disorders caused by excessive bone resorption.

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Anti-Obesity Potential of Ponciri Fructus: Effects of Extracts, Fractions and Compounds on Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Cited by 16 publications

References 75 publications

Ponciri Fructus Immaturus ethanol extract attenuates septic shock through inhibition of the STAT1 signaling pathway

Ponciri Fructus Immaturus ethanol extract attenuates septic shock through inhibition of the STAT1 signaling pathway

Bioconversion, Pharmacokinetics, and Therapeutic Mechanisms of Ginsenoside Compound K and Its Analogues for Treating Metabolic Diseases

Water Extract of Angelica dahurica Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Bone Loss

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