Anti-Oxidative, Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Atherosclerotic Effect of Taurine on Hypercholesterolemia Induced Atherosclerotic Rats

Abstract

Objective: The present study evaluates the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic potency of taurine (2-amino ethane sulfonic acid) when administered orally to hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerotic rats.Methods: The experimental atherosclerosis was induced by feeding rats with an atherogenic diet comprising of the normal rat chow supplemented with 4 % cholesterol, 1 % cholic acid and 0.5 % thiouracil (CCT diet) for 20 d. Treatment with atorvastatin (10 mg/kg body weight) and taurine (2 % in drinking water) was given to atherosclerotic rats to study antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione-S-transferase), lipid peroxidation in liver, glutathione reductase and protein carbonyl content, extent of DNA damage using the alkaline comet assay, assaying pro-inflammatory cytokines and quantifying atherosclerotic lesions.Results: Oral supplementation of 2 % taurine to hypercholesterolemic rats modulated antioxidant status and significantly reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content (P<0.05). The extent of DNA damage was also significantly reduced as observed by a reduction in the comet tail index (P<0.05). Taurine exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by significantly inhibiting TNF-α (tumor necrosis factor) and IL-1α (inter leukine) and also inhibited atherosclerotic lesions by clearing lipid deposits on the intimal surface of the rat aorta.Conclusion: Oral administration of taurine to rats showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity by modulating oxidants in favor of reducing oxidative stress and also showed anti-atherosclerotic activity in hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis.

Evaluation of Hypolipidemic Activity of Fruit Rind Extracts of Garcinia Gummigutta in Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemic Rats

“…Quantifying this MDA will positively reflect the severity of an ongoing oxidative damage treatment with fruit rind extract of G. gummi-gutta significantly reduced the TBARS level in a dose-dependent manner. The increase in the MDA which is indicative of ongoing oxidative damage was due to oxidative stress induced by HLD [27]. In our study, a significant reduction in TBARS values was observed following treatment with the extract, wherein the maximum reduction was evident with a higher dose of the extract.…”

Taurine Alleviates Trimethylamine N-Oxide-Induced Atherosclerosis by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism in ApoE–/– Mice

“…In addition, taurine is abundant in marine organisms, and it can be extracted from the offal of marine product processing to improve the utilization of marine resources and reduce environmental pollution . Dietary taurine could protect against the development of cardiovascular diseases caused by high fat or high cholesterol via decreasing the hepatic cholesterol ester secretion. − Oral supplementation of 2% taurine inhibited atherosclerotic lesions by decreasing the serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1α (IL-1α) levels in hypercholesterolemic rats . However, the effects and involving mechanism of TMAO and high fat/high cholesterol on atherosclerosis were different .…”

“…14−16 Oral supplementation of 2% taurine inhibited atherosclerotic lesions by decreasing the serum tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1α (IL-1α) levels in hypercholesterolemic rats. 17 However, the effects and involving mechanism of TMAO and high fat/high cholesterol on atherosclerosis were different. 18 Marine foods rich in high TMAO also contain high levels of taurine.…”

Antioxidant Activity of Conjugated Linoleic Acid

“…In a study conducted by Sharma et al, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherosclerotic effect of taurine on hypercholesterolemia induced atherosclerotic rats was evaluated. Oral administration of taurine to rats showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity by modulating oxidants in favor of reducing oxidative stress and also showed antiatherosclerotic activity in hypercholesterolemia-induced atherosclerosis [21].…”