Anti-proliferative effects of Salacia reticulata leaves hot-water extract on interleukin-1β-activated cells derived from the synovium of rheumatoid arthritis model mice

Abstract

BackgroundSalacia reticulata (SR) is a plant native to Sri Lanka. In ayurvedic medicine, SR bark preparations, taken orally, are considered effective in the treatment of rheumatism and diabetes. We investigated the ability of SR leaves (SRL) to inhibit in vitro the interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-activated proliferation of synoviocyte-like cells derived from rheumatoid arthritis model mice.FindingsInflammatory synovial tissues were harvested from type II collagen antibody-induced arthritic mice. From these tissues, a synoviocyte-like cell line was established and named MTS-C H7. To determine whether SRL can suppress cell proliferation and gene expression in MTS-C H7 cells, fractionation of the SRL hot-water extract was performed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid-liquid extraction, sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and protease digestion.The 50% inhibitory concentration of the SRL hot-water extract against MTS-C H7 cells proliferation was ~850 μg/mL. Treatment with a low dose (25 μg dry matter per millilitre) of the extract inhibited IL-1β-induced cell proliferation and suppressed the expression of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes in MTS-C H7 cells. Various polyphenolic fractions obtained from HPLC and the fractions from liquid-liquid extraction did not affect cell proliferation. Only the residual water sample from liquid-liquid extraction significantly affected cell proliferation and the expression of MMP genes. The results of SDS-PAGE and protease digestion experiment showed that low molecular weight proteins present in SRL inhibited the IL-1β-activated cell proliferation.ConclusionsWe surmised that the residual water fraction of the SRL extract was involved in the inhibition of IL-1β-activated cell proliferation and regulation of mRNA expression in MTS-C H7 cells. In addition, we believe that the active ingredients in the extract are low molecular weight proteins.

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) as a Target for Novel Therapies in Rheumatoid Arthritis

“…It is an autoimmune and polyarthritic condition, characterized by inflammation of the synovium (synovitis), progressive cartilage destruction, and bone erosion, which ultimately results in loss of integrity of the affected joints (Lautenbach et al, 2013 ). The RA synovium is enriched with a variety of cell types, including synovial fibroblasts, immune cells (e.g., mast cells, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells; Hitchon and El-Gabalawy, 2011 ), and newly formed blood vessels from the pre-existing vasculature (angiogenesis; Paleolog, 2002 ) (Figure 1 ). Hypoxia is an important micro-environmental characteristic of RA (Lund-Olesen, 1970 ; Hitchon and El-Gabalawy, 2004 ; Gaber et al, 2005 ; Konisti et al, 2012 ).…”

Biological activities and cytotoxicity of Eperua oleifera Ducke oil-resin

“…This is confirmed by literature data, showing that diterpenes cause hemolysis and membrane damage of erythrocytes. [ 37 38 ] Cytotoxic effects of AFEOR are mediated not only by interaction of AFEOR compounds with cell membranes but also by cellular uptake and subsequent activation of necrosis or apoptosis. Therefore, more research is needed by isolating the pharmacologically active compounds from this medicinal oil.…”

Potential Role of Dietary Phenolic Compounds in the Prevention and Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Current Reports

“…Another study showed that 5-80 µM Catechin-7,4 -O-digallate from Woodfordia uniflora can also regulate the NF-κB signaling pathway in mouse macrophages and reduce IL-6 and IL-1β levels [320]. On the other hand, Salacia reticulata leaves showed the capacity to inhibit MTS-CH7 cell proliferation (IC 50 score of ~850 µg/mL) [321].…”