Anti-SARS-CoV-2 human antibodies retaining neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (omicron)

Imbrechts, Maya; Kerstens, Winnie; Rasulova, Madina; Vercruysse, Thomas; Maes, Wim; Ampofo, Louanne; Ven, Karen; Lammertyn, Jeroen; Vanhoorelbeke, Karen; Callewaert, Nico; Neyts, Johan; Dallmeier, Kai; Declerck, Paul; Thibaut, Hendrik Jan

doi:10.1101/2021.12.21.473706

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…These sensitivities need to be reassessed as new variants emerge. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), rapid antigen tests continue to detect cases of the Omicron variant, although “reduced sensitivity” has been noted in early laboratory studies with some brands [ 66 , 67 ].…”

Section: Immunological Assays: Antigen and Antibody-based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends in COVID-19 diagnosis and its new variants in physiological fluids: Surface antigens, antibodies, nucleic acids, and RNA sequencing

Mostafa

Barhoum

Sehit

et al. 2022

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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Section: Immunological Assays: Antigen and Antibody-based Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current trends in COVID-19 diagnosis and its new variants in physiological fluids: Surface antigens, antibodies, nucleic acids, and RNA sequencing

Mostafa

Barhoum

Sehit

et al. 2022

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry

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“… 74 Omicron was observed to escape neutralization with a cocktail of imdevimab, and casirivimab 64 or the all the other tested Mabs (casirivimab, imdevimab, bamlanivimab, cilgavimab, and tixagevimab), 26 and only sotrovimab was observed to neutralize the virus. 26 , 64 In a study by Imbrechts et al, 97 after testing various mAbs against all the five VOCs of SARS‐Cov‐2, however, it was concluded that three mAbs including mAb 3B8 at very low doses resulted in complete neutralization of Omicron variant. Identification of more such mAbs can give confidence to handle the continuously evolving novel variants in SARS‐CoV‐2.…”

Section: Efficacy Of Antibody Based Therapeutics Used For Sars‐cov‐2 ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Is Omicron mild”? Testing this narrative with the mutational landscape of its three lineages and response to existing vaccines and therapeutic antibodies

Rajpal

Sharma

Kumar

et al. 2022

Journal of Medical Virology

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SARS‐CoV‐2 Omicron with its lineages BA.1, BA.2, and BA.3 has triggered a fresh wave of Covid‐19 infections. Though, Omicron has, so far, produced mild symptoms, its genome contains 60 mutations including 37 in the spike protein and 15 in the receptor‐binding domain. Thirteen sites conserved in previous SARS‐CoV‐2 variants carry mutations in Omicron. Many mutations have shown evolution under positive selection. Omicron's giant mutational leap has raised concerns as there are signs of higher virus infectivity rate, pathogenesis, reinfection, and immune evasion. Preliminary studies have reported waning of immunity after two‐dose primary vaccine regime, need for the boosters, folds reduction in vaccine effectiveness and neutralizing antibodies even after boosting and significant neutralization resistance with the therapeutic monoclonal, polyclonal, and convalescent antibodies against Omicron. The narrative that “Omicron is mild,” therefore, needs time to be tested with a deeper, scientific dwelling into the facts.

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Passive Immunotherapy Against SARS-CoV-2: From Plasma-Based Therapy to Single Potent Antibodies in the Race to Stay Ahead of the Variants

Strohl

et al. 2022

BioDrugs

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The COVID-19 pandemic is now approaching 2 years old, with more than 440 million people infected and nearly six million dead worldwide, making it the most significant pandemic since the 1918 influenza pandemic. The severity and significance of SARS-CoV-2 was recognized immediately upon discovery, leading to innumerable companies and institutes designing and generating vaccines and therapeutic antibodies literally as soon as recombinant SARS-CoV-2 spike protein sequence was available. Within months of the pandemic start, several antibodies had been generated, tested, and moved into clinical trials, including Eli Lilly’s bamlanivimab and etesevimab, Regeneron’s mixture of imdevimab and casirivimab, Vir’s sotrovimab, Celltrion’s regdanvimab, and Lilly’s bebtelovimab. These antibodies all have now received at least Emergency Use Authorizations (EUAs) and some have received full approval in select countries. To date, more than three dozen antibodies or antibody combinations have been forwarded into clinical trials. These antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 all target the receptor-binding domain (RBD), with some blocking the ability of the RBD to bind human ACE2, while others bind core regions of the RBD to modulate spike stability or ability to fuse to host cell membranes. While these antibodies were being discovered and developed, new variants of SARS-CoV-2 have cropped up in real time, altering the antibody landscape on a moving basis. Over the past year, the search has widened to find antibodies capable of neutralizing the wide array of variants that have arisen, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, and Omicron. The recent rise and dominance of the Omicron family of variants, including the rather disparate BA.1 and BA.2 variants, demonstrate the need to continue to find new approaches to neutralize the rapidly evolving SARS-CoV-2 virus. This review highlights both convalescent plasma- and polyclonal antibody-based approaches as well as the top approximately 50 antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, their epitopes, their ability to bind to SARS-CoV-2 variants, and how they are delivered. New approaches to antibody constructs, including single domain antibodies, bispecific antibodies, IgA- and IgM-based antibodies, and modified ACE2-Fc fusion proteins, are also described. Finally, antibodies being developed for palliative care of COVID-19 disease, including the ramifications of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), are described. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s40259-022-00529-7.

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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 human antibodies retaining neutralizing activity against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.529 (omicron)

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Current trends in COVID-19 diagnosis and its new variants in physiological fluids: Surface antigens, antibodies, nucleic acids, and RNA sequencing

Current trends in COVID-19 diagnosis and its new variants in physiological fluids: Surface antigens, antibodies, nucleic acids, and RNA sequencing

“Is Omicron mild”? Testing this narrative with the mutational landscape of its three lineages and response to existing vaccines and therapeutic antibodies

Passive Immunotherapy Against SARS-CoV-2: From Plasma-Based Therapy to Single Potent Antibodies in the Race to Stay Ahead of the Variants

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