Anti-stress and anti-anxiety effects of centrally acting angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists

Saavedra, Juan M.; Ando, Hiromichi; Armando, Inés; Baiardi, Gustavo; Bregonzio, Claudia; Juorio, A. V.; Macova, Miroslava

doi:10.1016/j.regpep.2004.12.015

Cited by 113 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…Experimental studies have shown that immobilization stress in rats increases circulating levels of ANG II (18) and binding of brain AT 1 R. Inhibition of the RAS using ACE-Is and ARBs can reverse these affects (6,17,62,94). Additional studies provide evidence that blockade of the RAS has protective effects against stress, anxiety, brain inflammation, and neurodegeneration (5,10,93,95). Other studies have shown that increased circulating and brain components of RAS correlate with increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) stimulation and increased corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), a critical stress hormone (2,6,84).…”

Section: The Renin-angiotensin System: Beyond Blood Pressure Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Renin-angiotensin System: Beyond Blood Pressure Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inhibition of the RAS with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), which selectively block the AT 1 R, are, therefore, widely used for the treatment of hypertension and CVD. There is a growing body of evidence, however, demonstrating that the therapeutic actions of both ACE-Is and ARBs extend beyond blood pressure reduction (11,92,108) and may have beneficial effects on stress-related pathologies, such as PTSD and panic disorder (43,50).Chronic stress, as manifested with PTSD, induces activation of the RAS, leading to increased ANG II synthesis (86). Experimental studies have shown that immobilization stress in rats increases circulating levels of ANG II (18) and binding of brain AT 1 R. Inhibition of the RAS using ACE-Is and ARBs can reverse these affects (6,17,62,94).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Autonomic and inflammatory consequences of posttraumatic stress disorder and the link to cardiovascular disease

Brudey

Park

Wiaderkiewicz

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

107

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-Stressand anxiety-related disorders are on the rise in both military and general populations. Over the next decade, it is predicted that treatment of these conditions, in particular, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), along with its associated longterm comorbidities, will challenge the health care system. Multiple organ systems are adversely affected by PTSD, and PTSD is linked to cancer, arthritis, digestive disease, and cardiovascular disease. Evidence for a strong link between PTSD and cardiovascular disease is compelling, and this review describes current clinical data linking PTSD to cardiovascular disease, via inflammation, autonomic dysfunction, and the renin-angiotensin system. Recent clinical and preclinical evidence regarding the role of the renin-angiotensin system in the extinction of fear memory and relevance in PTSD-related immune and autonomic dysfunction is also addressed. posttraumatic stress disorder; cardiovascular disease; renin-angiotensin system POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) is a psychiatric illness characterized by persistent emotional and mental stress following a traumatic event. Symptoms of PTSD include hyperarousal, flashbacks, intrusive thoughts, or nightmares, and avoidance of activities that trigger memories of the traumatic event. The health consequences of PTSD are substantial, affecting multiple organ systems, with evidence linking PTSD to diseases such as cancer, arthritis, digestive disease, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) (13,14,112). The evidence demonstrating increased risk for CVD in PTSD (9,15,19,49,57,58) is compelling, and several excellent recent review articles have highlighted this association (20,23,52,63,112). While this association could certainly be due, in part, to related unhealthy behaviors, such as increased prevalence of smoking, poor diet, and physical inactivity (46,119). Yet even after adjustments for lifestyle, comorbid conditions, and combat engagements in multivariate models, PTSD remains a significant and independent risk factor for the development of CVD and CVD-related mortality (15).Increased CVD risk in PTSD has been demonstrated in both military (21) and civilian populations (44,82). A co-twin study design (monozygotic and dizygotic), which controlled for genetic and familial confounders, demonstrated that the incidence of coronary heart disease was more than double in Vietnam War veteran twins with PTSD (22.6%) compared with those without PTSD (8.9%) (106). Most recently, one of the largest longitudinal studies examining the association between PTSD and heart failure was completed, and veterans with PTSD were shown to be nearly 50% more likely to develop heart failure than veterans without PTSD (91). This remained significant after adjustments for age, sex, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, body mass index, combat, and military service. Civilian PTSD populations are also at greater risk for CVD. Following life-threatening traumatic events such as earthquakes (82), the 9 -11 World Trade Center attack (45), and living in urban dis...

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Section: The Renin-angiotensin System: Beyond Blood Pressure Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Renin-angiotensin System: Beyond Blood Pressure Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Autonomic and inflammatory consequences of posttraumatic stress disorder and the link to cardiovascular disease

Brudey

Park

Wiaderkiewicz

et al. 2015

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

107

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“…Furthermore, it is likely that angiotensin II has a role in depression. Preclinical models of depression show that angiotensin II antagonists reduce depressivelike behavior and antidepressants antagonize the thirst and smooth muscle contraction effects of angiotensin II (Gard, 2002;Saavedra et al, 2005). Drugs that inhibit the synthesis of angiotensin II are also reported to be mood enhancing.…”

Section: Definitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Abrams¹,

Witkiewitz²,

Fulmer³

et al. 2013

Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine

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“…Of concern, brain RAS has been implicated to modulate functions such as the regulation of cerebral blood flow, stress, exploratory behavior, anxiety, learning, and memory acquisition. 7 Based on the available data, manipulation of brain RAS has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for a variety of neurological diseases including AD. 6 The intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) animal model of dementia is extensively used for researching the pathogenesis of AD and in the pharmacological testing of potential neuroprotective effects of various drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuroprotective effect of renin angiotensin system blockers on experimentally induced Alzheimer's disease in rats

Hewedy

El-Hadidy

2015

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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Anti-stress and anti-anxiety effects of centrally acting angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists

Cited by 113 publications

References 81 publications

Autonomic and inflammatory consequences of posttraumatic stress disorder and the link to cardiovascular disease

Autonomic and inflammatory consequences of posttraumatic stress disorder and the link to cardiovascular disease

Anger-In

Neuroprotective effect of renin angiotensin system blockers on experimentally induced Alzheimer's disease in rats

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