Antibacterial Activities of Anredera Cordifolia (Ten.) V. Steenis Leaves Extracts and Fractions

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to determine antibacterial activity of Anredera cordifolia leaves extracts and fractions.Methods: Crude drug was extracted using two methods. First method was extraction by reflux using ethanol 96% and then fractionated by liquidliquid extraction using n-hexane and ethyl acetate. Second method was gradually extraction by reflux using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and ethanol 96%, respectively. Phytochemical screening was applied to all extracts and fractions, followed by thin-layer chromatography using ursolic acid, oleanolic acid (OA), apigetrin, and rutin as reference substances. A two-fold serial microdilution method was used to determine minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), Bacillus subtilis (ATCC 6633), Bacillus cereus (ATCC 11778), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 9027), Escherichia coli (ATCC 8939), E. coli H7 (O156), and ESBL E. coli. Bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities were determined using minimum bactericidal concentration/MIC ratio. Results:The ethanolic extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of A. cordifolia from the first method had antibacterial activity against S. aureus, MRSA, B. subtilis, and B. cereus (MIC 256-512 μg/ml). However, n-hexane and ethyl acetate extract from the second method had broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, which could inhibit the growth of S. aureus, MRSA, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa, and E. coli (MIC 256-512 μg/ml). Extracts and fractions showed bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities, but n-hexane extract has most bactericidal activity. Furthermore, steroid/triterpenoid, ursolic, and OA were found in this extract. Conclusion:The n-hexane extract from the second method showed the highest antibacterial activity.

In Vivo Efficacy of Topical Binahong (Anredera Cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Leaf Ethanolic Extract on Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 in Infected Wounds

“…Flavonoid compounds contained in Binahong leaves had been known to form a complex with bacterial cell wall protein, damaging the cell wall and ultimately causing bacterial cell lysis [23]. Binahong leaf ethanolic extract also contains ursolic acid, which had been known to inhibit the growth of various pathogens, including S. aureus [26]. A previous study by Leliqia et al determined the minimum inhibitory concentration of Binahong leaf ethanolic extract against various Grampositive pathogens, including S. aureus.…”

“…A previous study by Leliqia et al determined the minimum inhibitory concentration of Binahong leaf ethanolic extract against various Grampositive pathogens, including S. aureus. The authors reported that ethanolic extract of Binahong leaves obtained through maceration only has bacteriostatic activity against S. aureus [26].…”

Chemometric Assisted Quantitative Determination of Vitexin in Ethanolic Extract of Binahong (Anredera Cordifolia (Ten.) Steenis) Leaves

“…Steenis), one of 6000 types of plants in Indonesia, have been used for several health treatments [1]. Binahong has pharmacological effects such as anti-bacterial [2][3][4][5], anti-fungal [6], anti-aging [7], anti-diabetes [8], wound healing [9][10][11], anti-inflammatory [12], anti-oxidant [13], anti-cancer [14], anti-obesity [15] and anti-hyperuricemia [16]. Due to its pharmacological activities, binahong was potential to be developed as traditional medicine.…”

Differences in Parts of Purslane Plants (Portulaca grandiflora Hook.) To Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity

“…Steenis, commonly known as "binahong" in Indonesia, is one of the medicinal plants that has been shown to have pharmacological activities. In addition to its antibacterial activities, binahong has been reported to have antidiabetic, antiobesity,antihyperlipidemic,vasodilator and wound healing activities (Leliqia et al 2017). Previous studies have shown that ethanolic extract of A. cordifolia leaves showed antibacterial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCNS), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Garmana et al 2014).…”