Antibacterial activity and essential oil composition of Calendula arvensis L.

Abstract

Essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Calendula arvensis L. were investigated. The essential oil of aerial part was obtained through hydro-distillation using a Clevenger type apparatus with 0.38 (v/w) yield. The essential oil components were determined by GC-MS analyses. Thirty-six components were identified in the essential oil that represented 91.8 % of the oil. The major components of the essential oil were δ-cadinene (14.8 %), epi-cubebol (10.7 %), α-cadinol (8.5 %), cubenol (7.7 %), cubebol (7.2 %), 1-epi-cubenol (5.4 %) and ledene (5.1 %). Antibacterial activity of essential oil was observed against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 by using a broth microdilution. The essential oil showed weak inhibitory activity against E. coli and B. cereus at 8 mg/mL. The oil didn't show any antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. These results revealed that the oil was rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes as well as had a weak antimicrobial activity.

Chemical Variability of Hexane Extracts from Five Subspecies of Calendula suffruticosa from Spain

“…Likewise, Ohse et al [27] identified eight terpenoids: neophytadiene, (+)-β-guaiene, 8,14-cedranoxide, phytol, HETU, HNDU, OBTU, β-amyrin and stigmasterol in individuals and populations of C. suffruticosa algarbiensis. In the composition of the essential oil of the aerial part of C. arvensis, Servi et al [43] found in common with this study 1,10-di-epi-cubenol, phytol, α-bisabolol and neophytadiene, from a total of 36 compounds. Fernandes et al, [44] when evaluating the volatile composition of five edible flowers, including C. arvensis, identified 117 compounds.…”

Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L.: A Systematic Plant Analysis of the Polar Extracts from Its Organs by UHPLC-HRMS

“…Indeed, despite of numerous data on C. arvensis bioactivity, few studies combine it with a deeper investigation of the chemical composition of the plant organ utilized for extraction purposes [30,36,37]. Furthermore, an inappropriate indication of the part used to study biological activity is common in the literature, so much so that the aerial parts are often cited as the investigated plant matrix, without taking care in the botanical characterization of the aerial part that consists of more organs.…”

“…Furthermore, an inappropriate indication of the part used to study biological activity is common in the literature, so much so that the aerial parts are often cited as the investigated plant matrix, without taking care in the botanical characterization of the aerial part that consists of more organs. It is certain that while there are diverse compositive data for field marigold essential oils [30,36,37], few and fragmentary information are reported in relation to phenol compounds [38,39], which are mainly attentive for their benefits to humans. Indeed, considering that the biosynthesis and following accumulation of polyphenols and other specialized metabolites differ in the various plant organs [40][41][42], in order to achieve a detailed investigation of local C. arvensis to gain insight into the chemical constituents and to promote the sustainable food use of its different organs, plant dissection is herein proposed as preliminary to extraction.…”

Traditional Uses, Bioactive Compounds, and Pharmacological Investigations of Calendula arvensis L.: A Comprehensive Review

“…Servi et al [ 96 ] also determined the EO components of the C. arvensis aerial part by GC-MS analyses. Thirty-six components were identified.…”

“…Volatile eremophila-1(10),7-diene (80) (1.9 g/100 g of oil), and compound (37) (0.1 g/100 g of oil) [7]. Servi et al [96] also determined the EO components of the C. arvensis aerial part by GC-MS analyses. Tirty-six components were identifed.…”