Antibacterial activity of Cannabis sativa extracts against Salmonella Gallinarum isolated from Poultry

Abstract

Introduction Salmonella is a bacterial enteric pathogen capable of infecting a guest host. Depending on the serotype of the infected host, Salmonella can induce various diseases, gastroenteritis type, and systemic infection, through the asymptomatic carriage (Youssef et al 2017). Fowl typhoid (FT) caused by ., Salmonella enterica enterica subsp. serovar Gallinarum biovar Gallinarum (Gallinarum) is a severe systemic disease, Salmonella producing high mortality rates (up to 90%) in poultry birds of all ages, thus causing heavy economic loss (Kumari et al ., 2013; Lawal et al 2015). ., Chickens are the natural hosts for. Gallinarum. However, S in natural outbreaks, FT has been discovered in turkeys, guinea-fowl, quail, pheasants, ring-necked doves, ostriches, peafowl, sparrows and parrots (Shivaprasad, 2000). The susceptibility of ducks, geese and pigeons to. S Gallinarum varies, but all of these birds generally appear to be resistant (Kang et al 2012). A greater percentage of ., females appear to remain as reactors, probably due to the sequestered nature of localised infection of the ovarian follicles. Gallinarum could be cultured for up Salmonella to 121 days from the faeces of experimentally infected rats (Badi et al 1992). ., Salmonella Gallinarum rarely cause clinical cases in people. Self-limiting enteritis is thought to be the most

Extraction of cannabinoids using vegetable oils and its uva-photoprotective effect on human skin keratinocytes

“…The polarity of the compound of interest can be used as a reference for selecting the solvent to be used for the extraction. Ethanol, hexane, and petroleum ether are commonly used for cannabis extraction (Abubakar et al, 2020;Krill et al, 2020;Laznik et al, 2020). Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) is a technology that is often applied in vegetable matrices to extract essential oils and various active constituents on a large scale which CO 2 is commonly used for extraction (de Melo et al, 2014;Herrero et al, 2010;King, 2014;Reverchon & De Marco, 2006).…”