Antibacterial Activity of Cassia reticulata Willd

after first online publication: The funding information and acknowledgement sections have been updated in this version.] Nature gifts medicinal plants with the untapped and boundless treasure of active chemical constituents with significant therapeutic potential that makes these plants a beneficial source in the development of phytomedicines. Genus Cassia, with approximately 500 species, is a large group of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. Cassia species are widely distributed throughout different regions mainly tropical Asia, North America, and East Africa. In the folk medicinal history, these plants are used as laxative and purgative agents. In the Ayurveda system of medicine, they are used to cure headache and fever. Cassia plants exhibit pharmacological activities at large scales such as antimicrobial, anticancer, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, hypoglycemic, hyperglycemic, antimutagenic, and antivirals. The phytochemical investigations of genus Cassia demonstrate the presence of more than 200 chemical compounds, including piperidine alkaloids, anthracene derivatives (anthraquinones), flavonoids, pentacyclic triterpenoids, sterols, phenylpropanoids, and γ-naphthopyrones. The literature illustrated anthraquinones and flavonoids as major secondary metabolites from this genus. However, some Cassia plants, with rich contents of anthraquinones, still show toxicology properties. As Cassia plants are used extensively in the herbal Abbreviations: AAE, ascorbic acid equivalent; AGEs, advanced glycation end products; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; CAT, catalase enzyme; CCl4, carbon tetrachloride; CFU, colony forming units; COLO320DM, human colon carcinoma cell line; CRFK, crandell feline kidney cell; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; DPPH, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl; EC 50 , half maximal effective concentration; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; FDA, Food and Drug Administration; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; HCT-116, human colorectal carcinoma cell line; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HeLa, immortal cell line used in scientific research; HEL, human erythroleukemia cell line; Hep-2, human epithelial type 2 cells; HIV,

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“…Enterobacter aerogenes), Hemophilus influenzae and Bacillus subtilis. The aqueous extract was found to be less active (Youngken & Walsh, 1954).…”

Section: Miscellaneous Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Enterobacter aerogenes ), Hemophilus influenzae and Bacillus subtilis . The aqueous extract was found to be less active (Youngken & Walsh, 1954). Torosachrysone and singueanol‐I isolated from the chloroform extract of roots of C .…”

Section: Pharmacological Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The genusCassiaL.: Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical overview

Khurm

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Phytotherapy Research

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“…Numerous screenings (28) show that various extracts have positive antimicrobial proterties such as those from C. fistula, Cassia reticula, C. tora, and Cassia obovata, in comparison with penicillin or dihydrostreptomycin as reference substances, on gram-positive and gram-negative organisms (37,58). Thus, for example, an aqueous extract from the seeds of C. fistula inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhi and Corynebacterium diphteriae in vitro (36 Mortier (unpubl.…”

Section: Some Important Pharmacological Properties Of Anthracene Derimentioning

confidence: 99%