Antibacterial activity of leaf and leaf callus extracts of Anisochilus carnosus (L) Wall.

Abstract

The present study was carried out to determine the antibacterial efficacy of chloroform, petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and aqueous extracts of leaf and leaf derived callus of Anisochilus carnosus against Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtiltis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Vibrio parahaemolytics, Enterobater aerogenes, Proteus mirabilis, andKlebseilla pneumoniae. The leaf segments were cut into small pieces of size 1 sq.cm and were cultured on Murashige and Skoog solid medium supplemented with different auxins alone and in combination. Antibacterial efficacy was performed by disc diffusion method followed by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determination by two fold serial dilution method. Leaf and leaf callus extracts were subjected to the qualitative phytochemical analysis. Maximum callus formation percentage was obtained from the leaf segments cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2, 4-D (3 mg/l). Methanolic leaf extract showed maximum antibacterial activity with 26 mm zone of inhibition against K. pneumonia with MIC value of 0.64 mg/ml. Out of the callus extracts, ethanolic callus extract showed the maximum bioefficacy against K. pneumonia with 20 mm zone of inhibition and MIC value of 1.25 mg/ml. Results revealed that both leaf and leaf derived callus are effective against K. pneumoniae. The bioefficacy study confirms the antibacterial potential of leaf and leaf derived callus of A. carnosus. The study paves a way for the production of secondary metabolites by establishing high potential cell lines of callus tissues.