Antibacterial activity of microstructured Ag/Au sacrificial anode thin films

Köller, Manfred; Sengstock, Christina; Motemani, Yahya; Khare, Chinmay; Buenconsejo, Pio John S.; Geukes, Jonathan; Schildhauer, Thomas A.; Ludwig, Alfred

doi:10.1016/j.msec.2014.10.058

Cited by 20 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…To access their antibacterial activity, Ag dot structures decorated on Ti (a common component of implant materials) and on bio‐compatible Pd or Ir layers, acting as so‐called “sacrificial Ag anodes”, were covered by a 50 μl droplet of bacterial growth medium containing Staphylococcus aureus and were cultivated overnight. Afterwards, the drops were spread on blood agar for readout, for antibacterial activity against both planktonic and adherent bacteria on the samples were imaged by fluorescence microscopy after droplet removal . For comparison, blank thin films of Ti, Pd and Ir surfaces (without Ag coating) were treated in the same manner.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note, that for Ag coated on Ti, effectively a sacrificial Ti anode is formed as soon as a small hole is formed in Ag film, stopping the release of Ag and sacrificing Ti instead. The noble metals used in this study show a much more pronounced effect than those used in an initial study of Ag on Au sacrificial anode, thus allowing much lower Ag contents to be used for comparable antimicrobial effects . To better understand and quantify these qualitative results, electrochemical analysis will be used in the following section.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Afterwards, the drops were spread on blood agar for readout, for antibacterial activity against both planktonic and adherent bacteria on the samples were imaged by fluorescence microscopy after droplet removal. [8] For comparison, blank thin films of Ti, Pd and Ir surfaces (without Ag coating) were treated in the same manner. All controls show a strong growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria strains, forming a nearly dense grey layer and confirming the absence of antimicrobial effects on these bio-compatible metals.…”

Section: Bacteria Mortality On Ag-coated Ti Pd and Ir Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, some of the present authors suggested a further method to increase Ag + release applying Ag . Using dots of Ag in contact with gold as a more noble and biocompatible metal was demonstrated as an innovative and facile coating to achieve the mentioned requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[10] Recently, some of the present authors suggested a further method to increase Ag + release applying Ag. [8,9] Using dots of Ag in contact with gold as a more noble and biocompatible metal was demonstrated as an innovative and facile coating to achieve the mentioned requirements. The advantage of this method is the possibility of using thin noble metal films as a substrate to form a sacrificial Ag anode, where the noble metal itself is not consumed during the complete Ag + release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Unified Interdisciplinary Approach to Design Antibacterial Coatings for Fast Silver Release

et al. 2017

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The increasing number of surgical treatments performed per year requires novel approaches to inhibit implant‐associated infections, caused by multi‐antibiotic resistant bacteria. Silver ions (Ag+) are known for their effective antimicrobial activity. Therefore, a system that efficiently and locally releases the minimum required amount of Ag+ directly after the surgical treatment is in high demand. Herein we study electrochemically, microbiologically, microscopically and spectroscopically sacrificial Ag anode coatings for antibacterial implant applications. It is found that Ag dot arrays deposited on noble metals (Pd, Ir) release Ag+ much faster than continuous Ag thin films. The Ag+ release qualitatively scales with the difference of standard potentials between Ag and the noble metal. Furthermore, with higher numbers of Ag dots, the total amount of released Ag+ increases, while the release efficiency declines. Notably, an efficient killing of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria was seen for coatings containing as little as 23 ng of Ag per mm2. Thus, the use of sacrificial Ag anodes as highly efficient antibacterial coating materials is evaluated.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bacteria Mortality On Ag-coated Ti Pd and Ir Substratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Unified Interdisciplinary Approach to Design Antibacterial Coatings for Fast Silver Release

et al. 2017

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Antibacterial Efficacy of Sacrifical Anode Thin Films Combining Silver with Platinum Group Elements within a Bacteria‐Containing Human Plasma Clot

et al. 2017

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Silver (Ag) dots arrays (64 and 400 dots per mm2) are fabricated on a continuous platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), or iridium (Ir) thin film (sacrifical anode systems for Ag) and for comparison on titanium (Ti) film (non‐sacrifical anode system for Ag) by sputter deposition and photolithographic patterning. The samples are embedded within a tissue‐like plasma clot matrix containing Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), cultivated for 24 h. Bacterial growth is analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. Among platinum group sacrifical anode elements and a dense Ag sample, only the high Ag ion releasing Ag–Ir system is able to inhibit the bacterial growth within the adjacent plasma clot matrix. This study demonstrates that the antibacterial efficiency of Ag coatings is reduced under tissue‐like conditions. However, the new sacrificial anode based Ag–Ir system can overcome this limitation.

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An Engineered Nanocomposite Copper Coating with Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy

Nakhaie

Williams

Velapatiño

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has increased public awareness of the ability of hightouch surfaces to transmit infection. [3,4] Cleaning and disinfection to mitigate the bioburden on hard surfaces is costly and cannot feasibly be conducted with sufficient frequency to be fully effective. Selfdisinfecting surfaces made of or coated with copper (Cu) can minimize the spread of microorganisms and viruses on hightouch surfaces. [5,6] At present, Cu is the only solid antimicrobial material registered as a self-sanitizer by Health Canada [7] and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In 2021, it was confirmed that Cu is also antiviral, inactivating 99.9% of SARS-CoV-2 virus particles within two hours. [8] Repeated touch as well as cleaning/ disinfection of Cu-bearing surfaces triggers the release of Cu ions or molecular compounds containing Cu(I) or Cu(II) oxides through aqueous corrosion. [9] It is well known that the bactericidal and viricidal behavior of Cu-based surfaces is dependent on their ability to release free Cu ions. [10][11][12][13][14] Thus, ensuring the rapid and continuous release of Cu ions from the Cu surface is critical to quickly killing pathogens, as well as maintaining Cu's self-sanitizing properties long-term. [12] Cu 2+ and Cu + ions kill bacteria by participating in cyclic redox reactions at the cell surface [15] which denatures the cell membrane [16] and intracellular proteins, as well as altering the structure of DNA, [17] and enhancing the production of destructive reactive oxygen species (ROS). [18] Despite the proven efficacy of Cu as an antimicrobial agent, the bactericidal activity of Cu proceeds relatively slowly (e.g., 2 h for 98% reduction in Staphylococcus aureus). [11] Further, in healthcare settings, Cu appears to be less effective against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. [19,20] This difference is attributed to the variation in peptidoglycan wall thickness, [13,20] which is approximately an order of a magnitude thicker for Gram-positive bacteria compared to Gram-negative. [21] The Gram-positive bacterium, S. aureus, is responsible for skin and wound infections and is increasingly resistant to antibiotics. According to the World Health Organization, antibiotic resistance is a major threat to global health and food safety. [22] It leads to longer hospitalizations, higher medical costs, and higher mortality rates. Nosocomial Contaminated surfaces are a major source of nosocomial infection. To reduce microbial bioburden and surface-based transmission of infectious disease, the use of antibacterial and self-sanitizing surfaces, such as copper (Cu), is being explored in clinical settings. Cu has long been known to have antimicrobial activity. However, Gram-positive microorganisms, a class that includes pathogens commonly responsible for hospital-acquired infection such as Staphylococcus aureus and Clostridioides difficile, are more resilient to its biocidal effect. Inspired by inherently bactericidal nanostructured surfaces found in nature, an improved Cu coating is deve...

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Antibacterial activity of microstructured Ag/Au sacrificial anode thin films

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

A Unified Interdisciplinary Approach to Design Antibacterial Coatings for Fast Silver Release

A Unified Interdisciplinary Approach to Design Antibacterial Coatings for Fast Silver Release

Antibacterial Efficacy of Sacrifical Anode Thin Films Combining Silver with Platinum Group Elements within a Bacteria‐Containing Human Plasma Clot

An Engineered Nanocomposite Copper Coating with Enhanced Antibacterial Efficacy

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