Antibacterial activity of Rhizophora apiculata extract originated from Inner Ambon Bay against selected pathogen bacteria

Abstract

Inner Ambon bay, Ambon Island, Maluku Province, is a good place for mangrove to growth. Some mangroves have been known as a source of germplasm that has antimicrobial properties. This research goals to study the antibacterial activity of various extract of Rhizophora apiculata from the coast of the Inner Ambon Bay, against several pathogenic bacteria. The experimental design was complete random design with two factors, firstly, the type of extract solvent was extract namely methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane, and the second four strains of bacteria consist of Gram positive strains: Bacillus cereus and Gram negative strains: Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi Staphylococcus aureus.The highest antibacterial activity was resulted by ethyl acetate extracts with an average value of inhibition zone was 18.64±3.88b mm, then followed by methanol extract 15.02±5.17b mm and n-hexane extract 8.48±1.25a mm. The strongest extract against the bacterial pathogen was ethyl acetate extract. The most susceptible bacteria to the three extracts tested with an inhibition zone was (18.02±7.49b) mm, followed by B. cereus, E. coli and S. aureus with the inhibition zones were (13.48±4.50a) mm, (12.94±4.69a) mm and (11.74±3.90a) mm, respectively.

Potensi Metabolit Kapang Endofit Mangrove Rhizophora apiculata sebagai Anti-Staphylococcus epidermidis

“…Penelitian terdahulu menemukan bahwa mangrove Rhizophora apiculata menghasilkan metabolit sekunder yaitu tanin, flavonoid, steroid, saponin, dan terpenoid yang berpotensi efektif dalam menghambat dan membunuh pertumbuhan jamur dan bakteri dari spesies Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, dan Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Syawal et al, 2020). Penelitian lain menemukan ekstrak etil asetat dari daun R. apiculata mampu menghambat pertumbuhan patogen E. coli yang lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan penggunaan antibiotik seperti amoxcillin (Sormin et al, 2021). Seiring dengan berjalannya waktu, pemanfaatan tumbuhan mangrove sebagai alternatif obat antibiotik alami untuk melawan bakteri penyebab infeksi penyakit kulit menjadi tidak efektif karena bertentangan dengan prinsip konservasi.…”

Antibacterial test of Rhizophora apiculata extract originated from Mangrove Wonorejo Surabaya against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli

“…Rhizophora apiculata leaf extract with nhexane, ethyl acetate and methanol solvents was able to inhibit the growth of Gram-positive bacteria: Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus as well as Gramnegative bacteria: Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. This difference can be influenced by the type of pathogen strain used [16].…”

Kandungan Senyawa Bioaktif dan Aktivitas Biologis Ekstrak Daun Rhizophora apiculata Asal Perairan Teluk Awur, Jepara

“…Penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa ekstrak daun R. apiculata memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap bakteri Gram negatif Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Dewanto et al, 2021). Potensi ekstrak daun R. apiculata dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Eschericia coli dan Bacillus cereus juga telah dilaporkan pada penelitian sebelumnya (Sormin et al, 2021). Akan tetapi, potensi R. apiculata melawan bakteri strain multidrug resistant (MDR) belum banyak dilaporkan.…”