Antibacterial and antifungal properties of crude extracts and isolated compounds from Lychnophora markgravii

Abstract

Antimicrobial activity of dichloromethane and ethanol extracts and five compounds: pinostrobin (I), pinocembrin (II), tectochrysin (III), galangin 3-methyl ether (IV) and tiliroside (V) isolated from Lychnophora markgravii aerial parts against fifteen microorganisms was determined. The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on ESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. Both extracts showed antimicrobial activity against several tested microorganisms. Pinostrobin, tectochrysin and galangin 3methyl ether showed the strongest antibacterial and antifungal effects.

Antibacterial Properties of Propolis

“…The study conducted by Veloz et al on Chilean propolis found that antibacterial activity of both of these compounds against Streptococcus mutans is higher than activity of polyphenols mixture or even chlorhexidine (MICs = 1.6 µg/mL), with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) 1.4 µg/mL and 1.3 µg/mL, respectively [41]. Several studies have demonstrated the antibacterial activity of isolated pinocembrin against S. mutans , S. sobrinus , S. aureus , E. faecalis , L. monocytogenes , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae [42,43,44,45]. Isolated apigenin acts against Gram-negative bacteria: P. aeruginosa , K. pneumoniae , Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis and Enterobacter aerogenes [46].…”

Propolis as a novel antibacterial agent

“…In fact, an ethanolic extract of propolis known as kaempferide, is used in the treatment of S. aureus skin infections. Also, kaempferide was highly effective against Enterococcus Faecalis , Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus Saprophyticus ( Hernández Tasco et al, 2018 , Kharsany et al, 2019 ). Quercetin, yet another flavonoid, found in propolis, binds to the subunit of E. coli DNA gyrase to hinder bacterial activity ( Plaper et al 2003 ).…”

The Pharmacokinetics, Tissue Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion of Pinostrobin in Rats: Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled With Linear Trap Quadrupole Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry Studies

“…It is found more abundantly in roots than other secondary metabolites, such as pinocembrin and pinosylvin (Wang et al, 2016). Pinostrobin is known to have various pharmacological activities (Patel et al, 2016), including antiulcer, anti-Helicobacter pylori (Bhamarapravati et al, 2006), antioxidant, antiinflammatory, anticancer (Jaudan et al, 2018;Jones and Gehler, 2020;Sopanaporn et al, 2020), antidiarrheal, antiviral (Wu et al, 2011), antimicrobial (Hernández Tasco et al, 2020), anti-Alzheimer's, antiprotozoal, antinociceptive (Déciga-Campos et al, 2017), antimutagenic, antiplatelet (Zhang et al, 2017), antiproliferative (Siekmann et al, 2013;Jadaun et al, 2017), antileukemic (Smolarz et al, 2005), antiosteoporotic (Gu et al, 2017), and antiparasitic properties (Vechi et al, 2020). Moreover, pinostrobin can protect the gastric mucosa by reducing the ulcer area and mucosal content and reducing or eliminating submucosal edema and leukocyte infiltration.…”