Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanolic leaf extract of Maerua crassifolia

Ckilaka, Kingsley Chimsorom; Akuodor, Godwin Christian; Akpan, Joseph Linus; Ogiji, Emeka; Eze, CU; Ezeokpo, Basil Chukwuma

doi:10.7324/japs.2015.501025

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Cadaba farinosa and Cadaba glandulosa are used as purgative, anthelmintic, antisyphilitic, emmenagogue, aperient, antiscorbutic, and antiphlogistic substances; for liver damage and cancer, dysentery, fever and body pain; in therapy as a hepatoprotective and hypoglycemic [ 5 , 6 ]. Maerua crassifolia and Maerua oblongifolia species are used in the treatment of fever, stomach troubles, skin infections, diabetes mellitus, epilepsy and abdominal colic; they demonstrate antimicrobial and antioxidant properties and are used for hypocholesterolemia, wound-healing, intestinal disorders like abdominal cramps and hookworms, anthrax, severe mumps, tetanus and eye disease [ 5 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes of Four Medicinal Capparaceae Species: Genome Structures, Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptive Evolution

Alzahrani

Albokhari

Yaradua

et al. 2021

Plants

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This study presents for the first time the complete chloroplast genomes of four medicinal species in the Capparaceae family belonging to two different genera, Cadaba and Maerua (i.e., C. farinosa, C. glandulosa, M. crassifolia and M. oblongifolia), to investigate their evolutionary process and to infer their phylogenetic positions. The four species are considered important medicinal plants, and are used in the treatment of many diseases. In the genus Cadaba, the chloroplast genome ranges from 156,481 bp to 156,560 bp, while that of Maerua ranges from 155,685 bp to 155,436 bp. The chloroplast genome of C. farinosa, M. crassifolia and M. oblongifolia contains 138 genes, while that of C. glandulosa contains 137 genes, comprising 81 protein-coding genes, 31 tRNA genes and 4 rRNA genes. Out of the total genes, 116–117 are unique, while the remaining 19 are replicated in inverted repeat regions. The psbG gene, which encodes for subunit K of NADH dehydrogenase, is absent in C. glandulosa. A total of 249 microsatellites were found in the chloroplast genome of C. farinosa, 251 in C. glandulosa, 227 in M. crassifolia and 233 in M. oblongifolia, the majority of which are mononucleotides A/T found in the intergenic spacer. Comparative analysis revealed variable hotspot regions (atpF, rpoC2, rps19 and ycf1), which can be used as molecular markers for species authentication and as regions for inferring phylogenetic relationships among them, as well as for evolutionary studies. The monophyly of Capparaceae and other families under Brassicales, as well as the phylogenetic positions of the studied species, are highly supported by all the relationships in the phylogenetic tree. The cp genomes reported in this study will provide resources for studying the genetic diversity of Capparaceae, as well as resolving phylogenetic relationships within the family.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes of Four Medicinal Capparaceae Species: Genome Structures, Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptive Evolution

Alzahrani

Albokhari

Yaradua

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…The plant has antimalarial, antiinflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities [20,21]. The antibacterial activity of methanolic M. crassifolia extract has also been studied, showing potency against a panel of bacteria [22]. A recent study of the antioxidant activity of M. crassifolia aqueous extract using the DPPH assay showed free radical scavenging activity of 122 μg/mL [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Proliferative, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Properties of the Methanolic Extracts of Five Saudi Arabian Flora with Folkloric Medicinal Use: Aizoon canariense, Citrullus colocynthis, Maerua crassifolia, Rhazya stricta and Tribulus macropterus

Yonbawi

Abdallah

Alkhilaiwi

et al. 2021

Plants

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Saudi Arabian flora have a history of use as folklore remedies, although such properties have yet to be explored rigorously, and the safety of such remedies should be assessed. This study determined the anti-proliferative, cytotoxic, and antioxidant properties of extracts of the following five plants indigenous to Saudi Arabia: Aizoon canariense, Citrullus colocynthis, Maerua crassifolia, Rhazya stricta, and Tribulus macropterus. The aerial parts of the five plants were collected from various locations of the western and northern regions of Saudi Arabia and used to prepare methanolic extracts. Three approaches were used to determine the proliferation and cytotoxicity effects using HaCaT cells: MTT, FACS, and confocal microscopy. Meanwhile, two approaches were used to study the antioxidant potential: DPPH (acellular) and RosGlo (cellular, using HaCaT cells). C. colocynthis possessed anti-proliferative activity against HaCaT cells, showing a significant decrease in cell proliferation from 24 h onwards, while R. stricta showed significant inhibition of cell growth at 120 and 168 h. The IC50 values were determined for both plant extracts for C. colocynthis, with 17.32 and 16.91 µg/mL after five and seven days of treatment, respectively, and for R. stricta, with 175 and 105.3 µg/mL after five and seven days of treatment. R. stricta and M. crassifolia exhibited the highest capacities for scavenging the DPPH radical with IC50 values of 335 and 448 µg/mL, respectively. The subsequent ROS-Glo H2O2 assay confirmed these findings. The R. stricta and M. crassifolia extracts showed potent antioxidant activity in both acellular and cellular models. The C. colocynthis extract also demonstrated significant anti-proliferation and cytotoxic activity, as did the R. stricta extract. These properties support their usage in folk medicine and also indicate a further potential for development for holistic medicinal use or as sources of new active compounds.

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“…Some researchers identified nutritional elements and phytochemical compounds from the aerial parts and leaves of M. crassifolia and these include alkaloids, amino acids, betaines, fatty acids, flavonoids, lignan glucosides, phenolics, tannins, nutritional compounds, quaternary ammonium compounds, minor and major elements (Table 2). Other phytochemical compounds identified from the leaves of M. crassifolia include cardiac glycosides, phenols, resins, saponins, steroids and terpenoids [59][60][61].…”

Section: Nutritional and Phytochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extract exhibited activities against all tested pathogens with the exception of Mycobacterium phlei, with zone of inhibition ranging from 10.0 mm to 15.0 mm [69]. Ckilaka et al [60] evaluated the antibacterial activities of the methanol leaf extract of M. crassifolia against Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella spp., Salmonella typhi, Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli using disc diffusion and broth micro dilution methods. The extract exhibited activities against the tested pathogens with the zone of inhibition ranging from 7.8 mm to 29.6 mm while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values ranged from 7.0 µg/ml to 24.0 µg/ml [60].…”

Section: Antibacterial Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The extract exhibited weak activities with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) value of 122.9 µg/ml [25]. Ckilaka et al [60] evaluated the antioxidant activities of the methanol leaf extract of M. crassifolia using the DPPH free radical scavenging assay with ascorbic acid as positive control. The extract exhibited activities with the IC 50 value of 58.9 µg/ml in comparison to the IC 50 value of 4.8 µg/ml exhibited by the positive control [60].…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Synthesis and Review of Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Maerua crassifolia Forssk. (Capparaceae)

Maroyi

2020

J. Pharm. Nutr. Sci.

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Maerua crassifolia Forssk. is an evergreen tree widely used as traditional medicine throughout its distributional range in the Sahel region, peninsular Arabia east to Pakistan, east and west Africa. This study is aimed at providing a critical review of medicinal uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of M. crassifolia. Documented information on medicinal uses, phytochemical and pharmacological properties of M. crassifolia was collected from several online sources such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct, and pre-electronic sources such as book chapters, books, journal articles and scientific publications obtained from the university library. The articles published between 1964 and 2020 were used in this study. This study revealed that the bark, fruit, leaf and twig infusion and/or decoction of M. crassifolia are mainly used as ethnoveterinary medicine, and traditional medicine for cephalalgia, headache, fever, malaria, wounds, skin infections, toothache and gastro-intestinal problems. Phytochemical compounds identified from the species include alkaloids, amino acids, betaines, cardiac glycosides, fatty acids, flavonoids, lignan glucosides, phenolics, quaternary ammonium compounds, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids. The M. crassifolia extracts exhibited antibacterial, anti-diarrhoeal, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiplasmodial, antiprotozoal, antitrypanosomal, antipyretic and cytotoxicity activities. Maerua crassifolia should be subjected to detailed phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological evaluations aimed at correlating its medicinal uses with its phytochemistry and pharmacological activities.

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Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of methanolic leaf extract of Maerua crassifolia

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes of Four Medicinal Capparaceae Species: Genome Structures, Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptive Evolution

Comparative Analysis of Chloroplast Genomes of Four Medicinal Capparaceae Species: Genome Structures, Phylogenetic Relationships and Adaptive Evolution

Anti-Proliferative, Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Properties of the Methanolic Extracts of Five Saudi Arabian Flora with Folkloric Medicinal Use: Aizoon canariense, Citrullus colocynthis, Maerua crassifolia, Rhazya stricta and Tribulus macropterus

A Synthesis and Review of Medicinal uses, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Properties of Maerua crassifolia Forssk. (Capparaceae)

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