Antibacterial and phytochemical studies on Calotropis gigantia (L.) R. Br. latex against selected cariogenic bacteria

Ishnava, Kalpesh B.; Chauhan, Jenabhai B.; Garg, Akanksha; Thakkar, Arpit M.

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2011.10.002

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The rich chemical diversity in plants has been reported to be a promising source of antibacterial compounds (Ishnava et al, 2012 andOkoth et al,2013), raising hopes of obtaining novel antibiotics that can aid the fight against drug resistant infections. Synergism due to combination of plant extracts with antibiotics help to minimize the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), consequently reduce the side effects, economic cost, and reduce sensory impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Combined Antibiotic and Methanol Extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Reda

El-Zawahry

Omar

2017

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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A total of seventy-five medical specimens were collected from different patients admitted to Zagazig university hospital, Egypt. The selected bacterial isolates were distributed as 45 Gram negative bacterial isolates and 30 Gram positive bacterial isolates. The most effective antibiotic was gentamycin followed by amikacin and nitrofurantoin. The multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates were selected and identified to four groups; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The selected isolates were screened for their capability of biofilm, hemolysins, lecithinase and protease production. S. aureus AM23 and P. aeruginosa AM41 were selected as the highest biofilm and degrading enzymes producers. Furthermore, twenty-four methanolic and aqueous crude extracts derived from different medicinal plants in Egypt were screened for their antibacterial activity against both selected MDR strains. Methanolic extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf showed the greatest effect on the tested bacteria. Also, there was a synergistic effect of combined E. camaldulensis leaf extract and antibiotics (Gentamycin and Ceftriaxone) against tested organisms. Transmission electron microscopy showed changes in cell shapes, size, contents and cell envelop of antimicrobials treated bacterial cells compared to the control. Our findings proved that the leaf extracts of E. camaldulensis had great potential as antimicrobial agents in the treatment of infectious organisms.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic Effect of Combined Antibiotic and Methanol Extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Reda

El-Zawahry

Omar

2017

Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol

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“…Sesquiterpenes account for the highest quantity of essential oils found in the plants extracts used in this study. Sesquiterpenes are known to confer antimicrobial activities, most especially; antifungal [21], antioxidant [20], anti-inflammatory [22] bacteriacidal [23] and antitumor activities [24]. The root bark of C. Patens essential oil was shown by Watermann and Mohammad (1985) in their work to contain two sesquiterpenes and five alkaloids.…”

Section: Compounds Identified In Fraction Cp12 3 Of C Patensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Sesquiterpenes and Antibacterial Activities of Extracts from Piliostigma reticulatum (DL.) Hochst and Cleistopholis patens (Benth.) Engl & Diels against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes

Daniels

Owoyemi

Famurewa

et al. 2019

MRJI

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Aim: The study characterized sesquiterpenes from the bark extracts of Piliostigma reticulatum and Cleistopholis patens and subsequently tested the extracts for their antibacterial activities. Methodology: Ground stem barks of P. reticulatum and C. patens were obtained and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract from both plants were screened for antibacterial activities against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes using the agar well diffusion method. Furthermore, fractions obtained from the crude extracts were also assayed for antibacterial efficacy using the disc diffusion method. The phyto-constituents of the extracts were identified using Gas chromatography and mass spectra (GC-MS) and subsequent characterization was achieved via Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR). Results: The results showed that P. reticulatum extract had more antibacterial activities on S. dysenteriae with zones of inhibition ranging from 6 mm – 14 mm while it had lesser inhibitory effect against S. pyogenes with zones of inhibition of 10 mm and 8 mm at concentrations of 100 mg/mL and 80 mg/mL respectively. However, C. patens was effective against S. pyogenes with zones of inhibition of 18 mm, 16 mm, 14 mm, 13 mm, and 8 mm at concentrations of 100, 60, 40, 20 and 10 mg/mL respectively. Crude extracts from both plants exhibited higher antibacterial activity compared to purified fractions against test organisms. A number of five (5) Sesquiterpenes (azulenes, alpha and beta pinene, Germacrene D, Limonene, and Farnesol) were identified from the extracts of both plants. Conclusion: The presence of sesquiterpenes in P. reticulatum and C. patens could be responsible for the antibacterial activities on the test organisms (S. dysenteriae and S. pyogenes) evaluated in this study and subsequently justify their use in folkloric medicine. Hence, the extracts obtained from P. reticulatum and C. patens could be considered as a potential and rich source of antibacterial agent to control infections posed by the test organisms (S. dysenteriae and S. pyogenes).

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“…Apart from leaves and root, the latex in the leaves and stem also possess phytochemicals. Latex of C. gigantea had the presence of phytochemicals namely alkaloids, steroids, cardiac glycosides and terpenes (Ishnava et al, 2012). …”

Section: Phytochemical Screeningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Efficacy and Phytochemical Analysis of Calotropis gigantea (L.) R.Br.

Thomas¹,

Kumar²,

Wesely³

et al. 2017

Int. J. Curr. Res. Biosci. Plant Biol.

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A b s t r a c t A r t i c l e I n f oThe leaves and root samples of Calotropis gigantea were screened for its antimicrobial and phytochemical activities. Solvent extraction was performed using solvents namely methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and hexane. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, phenols and tannins in both root and leaves extracts. In leaves, anthraquinone was present. In case of hexane only alkaloids, tannins and carbohydrates were present. Antimicrobial activity was performed against opportunistic pathogenic bacterial strains such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumonia using the disc diffusion method. The methanolic extract of root of Calotropis gigantea inhibited P. aeruginosa with a maximum zone of inhibition (18 ± 0.5 mm) at the maximum concentration tested. Hexane extract exhibited low inhibition activity. Similarly, the methanolic extract of leaves exhibited a zone of inhibition of 27± 0.8 mm against P. aeruginosa. The results were compared with standard antibiotics ampicillin, vancomycin and tetracycline. In present study, methanolic extract was found to exhibit effective anti-bacterial properties which could be attributed to the presence of phytochemical present in the extract.

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Antibacterial and phytochemical studies on Calotropis gigantia (L.) R. Br. latex against selected cariogenic bacteria

Cited by 27 publications

References 20 publications

Synergistic Effect of Combined Antibiotic and Methanol Extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Synergistic Effect of Combined Antibiotic and Methanol Extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf Against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Characterization of Sesquiterpenes and Antibacterial Activities of Extracts from Piliostigma reticulatum (DL.) Hochst and Cleistopholis patens (Benth.) Engl & Diels against Shigella dysenteriae and Streptococcus pyogenes

Antimicrobial Efficacy and Phytochemical Analysis of Calotropis gigantea (L.) R.Br.

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