Antibacterial–Antioxidative Thiolated Gelatin/Methacrylated Silk Fibroin Hydrogels with Nitric Oxide Release Catalyzed by Metal–Polyphenol Nanoparticles for MRSA-Infected Wound Healing

Abstract

Chronic wound infection often leads to irregular tissue closure and accompanies delayed healing and economy issues. Developing an ideal wound dressing that can control the occurrence of antibacterial infections and biological responses is highly desirable. In this study, a multifunctional hybrid hydrogel (GS@EG−Cu−CA NPs) containing synthesized thiolated gelatin, methacrylated silk fibroin, and (−)-epigallocatechin gallate−copper ionic−carrageenan nanoparticles (EG−Cu−CA NPs) was engineered by a thio−ene click reaction. The metal−polyphenol EG− Cu−CA NPs were encapsulated with kappa-carrageenan to enhance its aqueous-soluble, mechanical, and bioactive properties and endowed the hydrogel dressing with fascinating antibacterial, antioxidation, and nitric oxide (NO) generation by catalyzing. The hybrid hydrogels also illustrated a favorable cytocompatibility. Benefiting from the thio−ene click reaction, the hybrid hydrogels were injected and photocured rapidly in situ to cover an irregular wound. In an SD rat full-thickness skin-wound-infected model, the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-infected wound covered with GS@EG−Cu−CA NPs was almost completely healed after 10 days. This study presents a facile design of hydrogel dressing incorporating metal−polyphenol nanoparticles, which demonstrates a promising potential way for dealing with effective wound infection management and other complicated wound healings.