Antibacterial composite cellulose fibers modified with silver nanoparticles and nanosilica

Abstract

In the present research, nanocomposite antibacterial cellulose fibers of Lyocell type modified with nanosilver particles and nanosilica were obtained. Nanosilver particles were generated by the chemical reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) in 50% water solution of N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO), which was applied as a direct cellulose solvent for the production of Lyocell fibers. The main aim of this study has been to obtain antibacterial cellulose fibers modified with silver nanoparticles, which are entirely safe for contact with human tissue. Taking into account the potential medical applications of the obtained fibers, the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles enclosed in fibers were examined in human and mouse cells. Considering the size of the silver nanoparticles with nanosilica in NMMO and their physical properties, the time of generation was the subject of a thorough analysis. The basic physical properties of the nanoparticles introduced in the fibers were tested using the UV/VIS, DLS and TEM methods. The basic properties of the fibers, namely the mechanical and hydrophilic ones, and the average degree of polymerisation of the cellulose fibers were estimated. The conditions of the synthesis of nanoparticles in NMMO with nanosilica were optimised. The results have confirmed that fibers with high-quality antibacterial properties, safe for human tissue and suitable for medical purposes, could be obtained.

Cellulose Fibers for High-Performance Textiles Functionalized with Incorporated Gold and Silver Nanoparticles

“…The current state of the art mainly involves four technologies to combine cellulose and noble metal nanoparticles. Among them, electrostatic assembly (Dong & Hinestroza 2009;Yu et al 2018;Tang et al 2012), seed mediated synthesis followed by dip coating (Zheng et al 2013), insitu reduction (Tang et al 2014;Tang et al 2015a;Boufi et al 2011;Bumbudsanpharoke & Ko 2015;Cai et al 2009), and the incorporation of nanoparticles via dry-jet wet spinning (Chen et al 2015;Kulpinski 2007;Rac-Rumijowska et al 2017;Smiechowicz et al 2011;Smiechowicz et al 2018;Smiechowicz et al 2014;Wendler et al 2008).…”

“…This implies that AgNO3 is added to an aqueous solution of NMMO, which is then left in a darkroom for several hours. Afterwards, the solution is used to dissolve cellulose pulp under standard conditions, which is then dry-jet wet spun to man-made cellulose fibers (Kulpinski 2007;Smiechowicz et al 2011;Rac-Rumijowska et al 2017;Smiechowicz et al 2018;Smiechowicz et al 2014). As dissolution and regeneration entraps the nanoparticles in the fiber matrix, the metal cellulose composites are assumed to release less silver than any other methods described before (Chen et al 2015).…”

Antibacterial Fibers Containing Nanosilica with Immobilized Silver Nanoparticles

“…The introduction of more significant amounts of modifier into the fibers demonstrates improved water retention (at a level of about 4-14%). This was probably due to the structure of silica, as shown in previous examinations at the Department of Man-Made Fibers, in which colloidal nanosilica was used [35]. No significant influence of the amount of introduced modifier on the conditioned tenacity and elongation at break values was observed.…”

“…Smiechowicz et al [35] conducted research concerning antibacterial nanocomposite Lyocell cellulose fibers modified with silver nanoparticles and nanosilica. Silver nanoparticles were generated by the chemical reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO 3 ) in a 50% aqueous solution of NMMO, which was used as a direct cellulose solvent for the production of Lyocell fibers.…”

Luminescent Cellulose Fibers Modified with Poly((9-Carbazolyl)Methylthiirane)

“…Due to the specific characteristic of the fibers’ formation method, there is a wide range of modification possibilities. Using the NMMO method fibers with antibacterial [ 14 , 15 ], magnetic [ 16 ], thermochromic [ 17 ] or bifunctional magnetic–luminescent [ 18 ] properties can be obtained. This method also allows one to produce hybrid fibers, for example, by mixing cellulose and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) materials [ 19 ].…”