Antibacterial Effects of Eisenia fetida, Earthworm Extract against Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Cyprinus carpio

Bansal, Nitish; Gupta, Rajender Kumar; Nehra, Vikas

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2018.704.267

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Lumbricin-PG, the antimicrobial peptide, was identified from Pheretima guillelmi earthworm [74]. Bansal et al [75] also demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of Eudrilus eugeniae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lumbricin-PG, the antimicrobial peptide, was identified from Pheretima guillelmi earthworm [ 74 ]. Bansal et al [ 75 ] also demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of Eudrilus eugeniae . The outcomes of the current research are consistent with the findings of previous literature as Vasanthi et al [ 76 ] presented the antimicrobial activity of Eudrilus eugeniae against S. aureus; Kathirewari et al [ 47 ] found the antimicrobial effect of coelomic fluid of earthworm against microbes; Istiqumah et al [ 48 ] studied the antibacterial activity of Lumbricus rubellus extracts against E. coli, S. aureus, Salmonella pullorum, and P. aeruginosa ; Verma and Verma [ 49 ] found that coelomic fluid of earthworm P. posthumous had maximum antibacterial activity against E. coli (19.00 mm); Chauhan et al [ 50 ] illustrated the antibacterial and antifungal activity of Eudrilus eugeniae ; and Bhorgin and Uma [ 77 ] showed that ethanolic extract of earthworm powder possessed maximum antibacterial activity in comparison with petroleum ether and aqueous extract against A. hydrophila .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Therapeutic Values of Earthworm Species Extract from Azad Kashmir as Anticoagulant, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Agents

Mustafa

Andleeb

Domínguez

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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Aims. Current research aimed to explore the therapeutic values of different earthworms as antibacterial, anticoagulant, and antioxidant agents. Methods. Ten different earthworms, i.e., Amynthas corticis, Amynthas gracilis, Pheretima posthuma, Eisenia fetida, Aporrectodea rosea, Allolobophora chlorotica, Aporrectodea trapezoides, Polypheretima elongata, Aporrectodea caliginosa, and Pheretima hawayana, were collected and screened for biological activities. Antibacterial effect analysis of earthworm species was done against fourteen bacterial pathogens, i.e., Escherichia coli, Serratia marcescens, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1), Salmonella typhimurium, Shigella flexneri, Enterobacter amnigenus, Serratia odorifera, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (2), Staphylococcus warneri, and Lactobacillus curvatus, via agar well diffusion, crystal violet, MTT, agar disc diffusion, and direct bioautography assays. Antioxidant potential was evaluated through ABTS and DPPH assays. Lipolytic, proteolytic, and amylolytic assays were done for lipase, protease, and amylase enzymes confirmation. In vitro anticoagulant effects were examined in the blood samples by measuring prothrombin time. Results. Results revealed that all earthworm extracts showed the inhibition of all tested bacterial pathogens except P. aeruginosa (1), P. aeruginosa (2), S. warneri, and L. curvatus. The maximum zone of inhibition of E. coli was recorded as 14.66 ± 0.57 mm by A. corticis, 25.0 ± 0.0 mm by P. posthuma, 20.0 ± 0.0 mm by E. fetida, and 20.0 ± 0.0 mm by A. trapezoid. Cell proliferation, biofilm inhibition, the synergistic effect of extracts along with antibiotics, and direct bioautography supported the results of agar well diffusion assay. Similarly, P. hawayana, A. corticis, A. caliginosa, and A. trapezoids increase the prothrombin time more efficiently compared to other earthworms. A. corticis, A. gracilis, A. rosea, A. chlorotica, P. elongata, and A. trapezoides showed maximum DPPH scavenging potential effect. Conclusions. The coelomic fluid of earthworms possessed several bioactive compounds/enzymes/antioxidants that play an important role in the bacterial inhibition and act as anticoagulant agents. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic drugs from invertebrates could be effective and potential for the prevention of the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria.

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“…Lumbricin-PG, the antimicrobial peptide, was identified from Pheretima guillelmi earthworm [74]. Bansal et al [75] also demonstrated the antimicrobial activity of Eudrilus eugeniae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Values of Earthworm Species Extract from Azad Kashmir as Anticoagulant, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Agents

Mustafa

Andleeb

Domínguez

et al. 2022

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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“…The earthworm is highly metabolizable and has gross energy of about 13.6 MJ/kg (Bahadori et al, 2017) and 3.85 Kcal/g (Mukti et al, 2012) appropriate for fish metabolic requirements. Moreover, E. fetida produces bioactive lumbricin and the coelom fluid contains strong antibacterial properties suitable for fish defense mechanism (Bansal, Gupta & Nehra, 2018;Istiqomah et al, 2009).…”

Section: Biochemical Composition Of E Fetida In Relation To Fish Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of the earthworm,Eisenia fetida(Savigny, 1826) as an alternative protein source in fish feeds processing: A review

et al. 2019

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Use of fish meal in aquaculture is gradually becoming unsustainable due to competition, cost and ecological challenges hence the need to expand the alternative protein sources. The earthworm, Eisenia fetida is among the non‐conventional protein sources, which have been tested with relatively promising results, thanks to its high protein levels, proper amino acid profile, high reproduction rate, low mortalities, fast growth and ease of production. The feasibility of using E. fetida for commercial fish feed production depends on the fundamental knowledge of its growth and reproductive biology, as well as the production methods. On the other hand, the nutritional suitability of E. fetida is determined by its amino acid composition and meal processing methods. Therefore, this study reviews the biological, biochemical composition as well as production and processing methods, as critical aspects for sustainable production and utilization of the earthworm in commercial fish feed production. Further, the study provides some recommendations and options to provide nutritionally complete and economically viable fish feed for efficient and sustainable aquaculture production systems.

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Investigation of Antiparasitic Effects of Eisenia fetida Extract (Annelida, Lumbricidae) against Toxoplasma gondii: In vitro Study

Pirestani

Sobati

Ghaffari

2022

CTM

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Background: Toxoplasmosis which is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is a widespread parasitic disease that affects approximately one-third of the world's population. Due to the significant side effects of anti-Toxoplasma drugs, it is necessary to acquire new drugs with low toxicity, high activity, cheaper and more effective. Objective: Earthworm has long been used as a therapeutic source of medicine in China and other parts of the Far East. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate of antiparasitic effects of Eisenia fetida extract against T. gondii in the Vero cell line. Materials and Methods: The effects of the extract on the parasite, Vero cell, and the parasitized cells were estimated by MTT assay in vitro. Apoptosis was also measured by flow cytometer in three groups of extract-treated parasites, extract-treated Vero cells, and extract-treated parasitic Vero cells, respectively. Results: The inhibitory effect of E. fetida extract and sulfadiazine was more than 85% and 65% on the parasite, respectively. Intracellular multiplication of the parasite in Vero cells during the 3 hours test showed a significant decrease compared to the 1 hour test (p<0.05). Flow cytometric analysis showed that with increasing concentration of E. fetida, apoptosis increased significantly (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that E. fetida extract in vitro could have a significant antiparasitic effect against T. gondii.

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Antibacterial Effects of Eisenia fetida, Earthworm Extract against Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Cyprinus carpio

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Therapeutic Values of Earthworm Species Extract from Azad Kashmir as Anticoagulant, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Agents

Therapeutic Values of Earthworm Species Extract from Azad Kashmir as Anticoagulant, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Agents

Utilization of the earthworm,Eisenia fetida(Savigny, 1826) as an alternative protein source in fish feeds processing: A review

Investigation of Antiparasitic Effects of Eisenia fetida Extract (Annelida, Lumbricidae) against Toxoplasma gondii: In vitro Study

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