Antibacterial Effects of <i>Calotropisgigantea (L) </i>Extracts on <i>Porphyromonasgingivalis</i>

Abstract

The Porphyromonasgingivalis is one of the dominant bacteria that causes chronic periodontitis. These bacteria can penetrate the gingiva and cause tissue damage directly or indirectly with the induction of inflammation. The growth of Porphyromonasgingivalis can be inhibited by administrating the active compounds from plants that have an antibacterial effect such as Calotropisgigantea leaves.This study aimed to determine the antibacterial potential of Bidurileaves (Calotropisgigantea) extract against the Porphyromonasgingivalis ATCC. In this study the Biduri leaves were extracted by maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent. The antibacterial potential test of 70% ethanol extract of Biduri leaves (with a concentration of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, and 35%) against thePorphyromonasgingivalis was carried out using dilution method with 4 times repetition on Tryptone Soy Agar (TSA) media.The results of the study were analyzed using the One Way ANOVA test showing there were significant differences in the number of Porphyromonasgingivalis ATCC 33277 colonies due to administration of 70% ethanol extract of Bidurileaves (Calotropisgigantea) with p values &lt;0,05. The test results were continued with the Post Hoc Tamhane test to determine the significant difference of the treatment groups. Based on the results of the study it could be concluded that 70% ethanol extract of Biduri leaves (Calotropisgigantea) had antibacterial potential against Porphyromonasgingivalis ATCC 33277 starting from the smallest concentration of 5% to the highest concentration of 35%.

Antibacterial potential of Biduri leaf extract (Calotropis gigantea) against the growth of Streptococcus mutans ATCC 35668 colonies: an experimental laboratory

“…Apart from that, research by Alibasyah explained that the highest concentration of extract will also produce greater antibacterial power because it contains more antibacterial compounds. 11,12 In accordance with the research, the best concentration for reducing the growth of S.mutans colonies is a concentration of 60% because at a concentration of 60% no bacterial growth was found. A concentration of 60% compared with K (+) shows that there is no significant difference in the results.…”

“…This is due to differences in the number of active compounds at each extract concentration. 11,12 The research results of the 20% concentration had a significant difference to the control (+), meaning that this concentration did not have the same antibacterial power as the control (+). This is due to the fact that the number of antibacterial compounds at a concentration of 20% is less and less stable, so that at this concentration bacterial growth is still found.…”

“…This is in line with Alibasyah (2020) who identified phytochemical compounds in Biduri leaves which are thought to act as antibacterial compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, phenols, tannins. 11,12 Differences in the amount of active compounds extracted can be influenced by the solvent used during maceration. The solvent that is suitable for extracting natural materials is 70% ethanol solvent.…”

“…The thick extract was diluted using sterile distilled water solution until extracts with concentrations of 20%, 40% and 60% were obtained. 11,12,15 The Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) and Mueller Hinton Broth (MHB) were prepared as bacterial culture media. Both MHA and MHB were made by mixing powder with distilled water according to the composition on the packaging.…”

“…10 Alibasyah (2020) found that Biduri leaf extract positively contains antibacterial compounds such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids which are secondary metabolite compounds. 11,12 Thomas et al (2017) explained that the alkaloid, flavonoid and tannin content in Biduri leaves can produce antibacterial power. 13 According to Waseem et al (2020) the total flavonoid content in Biduri leaves is +11.2 mg/mL.…”