Antibacterial efficiency of naturally occurring dyes and mordants

Abstract

The popularity of natural dyes is increasing day by day due to their properties such as soothing colors, non carcinogenic, non hazardous and safe for environment. Some natural dyes also have been reported antibacterial properties. In present research work owers of Butea monosperma and Tagetes erecta were used for dye extraction. Banana pseudostem sap and Punica granatum rind taken as biomordant. High performance thin layer chromatography was conducted for identi cation of components of Butea monosperma, Tagetes erecta, Banana (Musa sp.) pseudostem sap and Punica granatum rind. Dyeing of two types of cotton fabrics performed at pre-optimized conditions. The antibacterial activity of dyed fabrics was evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. Research nding supported the usage of Butea monosperma, Tagetes erecta, Banana (Musa sp.) pseudostem sap and Punica granatum rind in textile dyeing process. IntroductionNatural dyes are one of the most important natural products obtained from plants, animals, minerals, and micro-organisms. These dyes are used to color fabric, food, cosmetic products, and in decorative arts from the ancient period. After 1856 with the discovery of synthetic dyes, the popularity of natural dyes has diminished. Textile industries attracted to synthetic dyes which are cost-effective, fast in color and easy to apply on textiles. Wide application of synthetic dyes for long time resulted carcinogenic effects, mutagenic and non-biodegradable nature (Kiumarsi et al. 2017). Now a days awareness spreads for zero discharge emission, global warming, and ecosystem health for which green products are again in demand (Sagnella et al. 2014; Sangella et al. 2015). In this concern, people are also taking interest in hygiene and safe clothing. Cotton is one of the most common fabrics for apparels in all over the world.Cotton is produced naturally and a good substrate to grow on microorganism (Fu et al. 2011;Zhou and Kan 2015). As a hydrophilic nature, cotton easily provides suitable conditions, such as humidity, adequate temperature, and nutrition, for the growth of microorganisms, which generates an unpleasant odor, stains, and discoloration of the fabric. Therefore, it becomes necessary to apply an antibacterial nishing on cotton fabrics. The e ciency of any agent or substance which is used to mainly against bacteria for killing or inhibition is called antibacterial properties. Antibacterial nishes generally applied by using spun in additives, Padding, Spraying, Microencapsulation, Polymer modi cation etc. Many natural dyes have resistance towards bacterial colonies growth. Therefore, in this research work dyeing of cotton fabric is done with natural dyes and mordants to explore safe and hygienic clothing.Flowers of Butea monosperma and Marigold were taken as a dye source. However, Pomegranate rind and Banana pseudostem sap is taken as mordant. Most of the natural dyes have very low a nity towards fabric, so a mordant ( xing agent) required to x dyes on fabric. Chromium, copper, iron, tin and tannic acid etc. ...

Bio-mordants: a review

“…In a different study, in which Senegalia catechu flowers were used as a natural dye for dyeing wool, it was shown that banana pseudostem sap could be used as a bio-mordant (Ansari et al 2018 ). In another study, Ansari and Iqbal ( 2021 ) used Butea monosperma and Tagetes erecta flower extracts as natural dyes, banana pseudostem sap, and Punica granatum rinds as bio-mordants to investigate the antibacterial activity of selected herbal products used in fabric dyeing. In another study, Diarsa and Gupte ( 2022 ) reported that color fastness and dye uptake improved when they used banana pseudostem sap as a natural mordant and marigold ( Tagetes erecta ) as a natural dye.…”

“…Areca catechu , sometimes referred to as Supari, is a type of dried, ripe nut that belongs to the Arecaceae family and is grown in India and Southeast Asia’s tropical regions. Tannins are the main component of A. catechu (Ansari et al 2021 ). In one study, teak leaf extract as a natural dye, harda ( Terminalia chebula ), Eucalyptus ( Eucalyptus globulus ) leaves, Supari ( Areca catechu ), iron filings and jaggery, pomegranate peel ( Punica granatum L.), tamarind ( Tamarindus indica ), and amla ( Phyllanthus emblica ) as bio-mordants were used to dye selected natural and synthetic fabrics.…”

Ethnobotanical Research on Dye Plants Used by the Baiyi Indigenous Peoples’ from Heqing County, Dali, Yunnan, China

“…Mordants, especially metallic mordants, can improve the dyeing properties of plant dyes [20,21]. Although metallic mordants can enhance the color fastness of plant dyes, they can pollute the environment, damage human health, and destroy the ecosystem [22,23]. By contrast, biomordants enhance the dyeing properties of plant dyes and are biodegradable and not harmful to human health [24,25].…”

Sustainable Extraction of Colourant from Harmal Seeds (Peganum harmala) for Dyeing of Bio-Mordanted Wool Fabric

“…Hence, due to the energy and labor-effective nature, the use of Gamma-ray treatment isolation of natural dyes and the improvement of their dyeing behavior onto natural fabric is on the rise [14]. Currently, the revival of natural dyes in different fields has been warmly welcomed due to their sustainable and soothing nature [15]. These colorants are not only easily biodegradable but also have no effluent problem.…”