Antibacterial Properties of Canine Platelet-Rich Plasma and Other Non-Transfusional Hemo-Components: An in vitro Study

Abstract

This in vitro study was carried out to evaluate the potential antibacterial properties of canine non-transfusional hemo-components. Therapeutic formulations commonly used for regenerative medicine purposes (platelet-rich plasma, platelet gel, platelet lysate, fibrin glue), considering both leukocyte-rich and leukocyte-poor formulations, but also platelet-poor plasma and activating substances (thrombin, calcium gluconate), were tested to detect elements with potential antimicrobial properties. The antibacterial effect was tested on different bacterial strains (Staphylococcus aureus subspecies aureus, Staphylococcus cohnii subspecies cohnii, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae subspecies pneumoniae) isolated from canine wounds and classified as susceptible, multidrug-, extensively, and pandrug-resistant bacteria toward a known panel of human and veterinary antibiotics. The evaluation was carried out by agar gel diffusion method (Kirby–Bauer) and micro-inhibition in broth using microplates and spectrophotometer reading. The study findings confirmed the hypothesized antibacterial properties of canine non-transfusional hemo-components. A more effective bacteriostatic effect was found against Gram-negative bacteria, drug-resistant too. The presence of leukocytes or platelets does not appear to be essential for the antibacterial effect. Further studies should be conducted to evaluate the exact mechanism of action of the antimicrobial activity. However, non-transfusional hemo-components could be a useful natural aid in controlling bacterial infections in dogs.

A Platelet-Rich Plasma-Derived Biologic Clears Staphylococcus aureus Biofilms While Mitigating Cartilage Degeneration and Joint Inflammation in a Clinically Relevant Large Animal Infectious Arthritis Model

“…The poor outcomes associated with joint infection, especially periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) secondary to joint replacement, have recently been suggested to depend on the presence of fibrin-rich floating and adherent antibiotic-tolerant bacterial aggregates ( Dastgheyb et al., 2015 ; Gilbertie et al., 2019 ; Bidossi et al., 2020 ). In vitro , PRP exhibits antimicrobial activity against planktonic and biofilm bacteria ( Drago et al., 2014 ; López et al., 2014 ; Zhang et al., 2019 ; Gilbertie et al., 2020 ; Attili et al., 2021 ). In vivo , PRP alone or in combination with conventional antimicrobials has been effective in animal models of osteomyelitis and infected wounds ( Li et al., 2013 ; Farghali et al., 2019 ; Wang et al., 2019 ; Tang et al., 2021 ; Wei et al., 2021 ; Pourkarim et al., 2022 ).…”

Emerging Delivery Strategies of Platelet-Rich Plasma with Hydrogels for Wound Healing

“…The formed constructed fibrin networks further act as carriers for active platelet components, facilitating the aggregation and functionalization of leukocytes and platelets [56]. PRP contains not only antimicrobial peptides but also catecholamines, serotonin, osteonectin, proaccelerin, and other substances that are beneficial for adjusting the local microenvironments of [57] evaluated antibacterial properties of PRP with an agar gel diffusion method and the inhibition effect of PRP against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Smith et al [58] also reported the in vitro bacteriostatic effect of PRP on the S aureus and S. epidermidis.…”

Otolog Trombosit Konsantrelerinin İmmunolojik ve Antimikrobiyal Etkileri

“…Using platelet-derived products in veterinary treatments are includes injury defects, articular lesions, mainly in equine, canine and feline patients (Soares et al 2021). It has been reported that treatment with PRP in MRSA-infected dermatological diseases in dogs causes rapid epithelialization and granulation tissue formation, a rapid healing process, reduction of inflammation, and bacterial decline (Attili et al 2021). In dogs, clinical studies have centered on orthopedic uses in infected skin wounds with antimicrobial effects of PRP, and in dermatology for the treatment of dermal ulcers with wide tissue misplacement surgically induced wounds (Perego et al 2021).…”

“…Applications and topical use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), non-transfusional hemocomponents, or autologous platelet concentrates have a potential role in a kind of regenerative medicine treatment. These treatments have been used for over 30 years for various indications and have gained immense popularity in the last 20 years (Everts et al 2020;Attili et al 2021).…”