Antibiofilm effects of titanium surfaces modified by laser texturing and hot‐pressing sintering with silver

Abstract

Peri‐implant diseases are one of the main causes of dental implant failure. New strategies for dental implants manufacturing have been developed to prevent the accumulation of bacteria and related inflammatory reactions. The main aim of this work was to develop laser‐treated titanium surfaces covered with silver that generate a electrical dipole to inhibit the oral bacteria accumulation. Two approaches were developed for that purpose. In one approach a pattern of different titanium dioxide thickness was produced on the titanium surface, using a Q‐Switched Nd:YAG laser system operating at 1064 nm. The second approach was to incorporate silver particles on a laser textured titanium surface. The incorporation of the silver was performed by laser sintering and hot‐pressing approaches. The anti‐biofilm effect of the discs were tested against biofilms involving 14 different bacterial strains growth for 24 and 72 hr. The morphological aspects of the surfaces were evaluated by optical and field emission guns scanning electronical microscopy (FEGSEM) and therefore the wettability and roughness were also assessed. Physicochemical analyses revealed that the test surfaces were hydrophilic and moderately rough. The oxidized titanium surfaces showed no signs of antibacterial effects when compared to polished discs. However, the discs with silver revealed a decrease of accumulation of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia strains. Thus, the combination of Nd:YAG laser irradiation and hot‐pressing was effective to produce silver‐based patterns on titanium surfaces to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacterial species. The laser parameters can be optimized to achieve different patterns, roughness, and thickness of the modified titanium layer regarding the type and region of the implant.

Effect of Enterococcus faecalis Biofilm on Corrosion Kinetics in Titanium Grade 4 Alloys with Different Surface Treatments

“…Although the implants are sterile, bacterial colonization start to occur in the oral cavity (where the implants were placed) 30 min after being in contact with oral tissues. The bacterial composition of the biofilm found in these sites is close to the microbiota of neighboring teeth or similar to the bacteria already present in the oral microflora of an individual [ 14 , 16 , 17 ]. After the establishment of the biofilm on the surface of dental implants, there is inflammation and subsequent destruction of bone tissues adjacent to the installed implants.…”

“…With the widespread use of Ti implants and prosthetic crowns in the oral cavity, there is an accumulation of biofilms on these materials. These facilitate periodontal inflammation and microbial colonization [ 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Although the implants are sterile, bacterial colonization start to occur in the oral cavity (where the implants were placed) 30 min after being in contact with oral tissues.…”

Laser-assisted surface alloying of titanium with silver to enhance antibacterial and bone-cell mineralization properties of orthopedic implants

“…This method yielded stable surfaces with roughness and hydrophilic characteristics, coupled with robust antibacterial properties against S. aureus , exhibiting biocompatibility with HOS cells in vitro . In a similar study, Inês M. R. Gonçalves et al 20 employed laser surface texturing followed by a post-coating with a silver particle solution and sintered onto the surface through heat press. The modified surface demonstrated antibacterial properties and biofilm prevention for up to 72 hours against P. gingivalis and P. intermedia .…”

Genetic association of the epidermal growth factor gene polymorphisms with peri-implantitis risk in Chinese population

“…It is one of the common complications after implant repair [ 1 ]. Peri-implantitis is the main cause of dental implant failure [ 2 ]. Periodontal tissue of the dental implant has a poor blood supply and weak resistance to inflammation.…”