Antibiofouling polymer interfaces: poly(ethylene glycol) and other promising candidates

Abstract

Nonspecific protein adsorption and/or microbial adsorption on biomedical materials adversely affects the efficacy of a range of biomedical systems, from implants and biosensors to nanoparticles. To address this problem, antibiofouling polymers can be coated on biomedical devices or built into nanoparticles to confer protein and/or microbial repellent properties. The current review provides an overview of the range of synthetic polymers currently used to this end and explores their biomedical potential. The most widely-used antifouling polymer, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is reviewed alongside several promising alternatives, including zwitterionic polymers, poly(hydroxyfunctional acrylates), poly(2-oxazoline)s, poly (vinylpyrrolidone), poly(glycerol), peptides and peptoids. For each material, notable applications for both nanomedicine and macroscopic surface coatings are highlighted.

Plasma-Generated Poly(allyl alcohol) Antifouling Coatings for Cellular Attachment

“…Surfaces terminating in poly(ethylene glycol) chains or hydrophilic hydrogen bonding acceptor groups exhibit antifouling properties [40], and hence the biofilm resistance of our hydroxyl-rich, CW-primed PAA coatings was explored through incubation with E. coli ( Figure 5). Bacterial binding studies were undertaken by suspending PU samples in a fulcrum tube containing Luria Bertani (LB) media and E. Coli W3110 suspension under gentle agitation at 37 °C; the number of bacteria in suspension far exceeded that required to saturate the substrate geometric surface area.…”

Toward biomaterial-based implantable photonic devices

“…Various nonfouling coatings using hydrophilic materials, such as PEG, PLA, or hydrogels, have been used to encapsulate the device, reducing inflammation and fibrosis [18,66,68]. Recently, ultra-low-fouling zwitterionic hydrogels implanted subcutaneously in mice for three months were found to resist the formation of a fibrous capsule and promote angiogenesis in the surrounding-healing tissue [63,69].…”

Nanocomposite Coatings: Preparation, Characterization, Properties, and Applications

“…For organic matrix, called polymer-based nanocomposite, the most used polymers for preparation of nanocomposite coating can be listed as follows: epoxy [2][3][4][5][6][7], polyurethane [8,9], Chitosan [10,11], polyethylene glycol (PEG) [12][13][14][15], polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) [16], PANi [17][18][19], PPy [20][21][22][23], polystyrene [24], polyamic acid and polyimide [25], rubber-modified polybenzoxazine (PBZ) [26], polymers containing reactive trimethoxysilyl (TMOS) [27], pullulan [28], fluoroacrylic polymer [29,30], ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) [31], polyacrylate [3], poly(N-vinyl carbazole) [32], polycarbonate [33], fluorinated polysiloxane [34], polyester [35], polyacrylic [36], polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [37], polydimethylsiloxane [38], polyamide [39], and UV-curable polymers [40].…”