Antibiograms and risk factors of Salmonella isolates from laying hens and eggs in Jimma Town, South Western Ethiopia

Abstract

Objectives Salmonella is the most important causes of foodborne illness especially from poultry and poultry products. So the aim of this study was to carryout phenotypic characterization, antimicrobials susceptibility pattern and risk factors of Salmonella isolates from farms and markets eggs, cloacae swabs of chickens and stool of egg collectors. A cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2018 to September 2018. Samples were, processed; Salmonella was isolated, phenotypically identified by OmniLog and antimicrobials susceptibility were carried out. Result Over all; 11 (2.65%) of Salmonella enterica were phenotypically characterized out of 415 samples from farms egg content (n = 83), farms eggshell (n = 83), cloacae (n = 83), market eggshell (n = 83) and market egg contents (n = 83) with 2.4%, 0%, 2.4%, 4.8% and 3.6% prevalence, respectively. Out of isolates, 8 (72.72%) displayed multidrug resistance. All isolates showed susceptibility to Gentamicin, Kanamycin and Streptomycin. Lack of separating cracked eggs, washing hand, eggs stay longer unsold, and mixing excreta with feed were associated risk factors for Salmonella presence (P-value < 0.05). The presence of drug resistant Salmonella enterica within egg/and chicken can pose serious health problem. Good hygienic practices are important to reduce risk factors of Salmonella contamination.

Prevalence and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Salmonella from Chicken Eggs in Naogaon District of Bangladesh

“…In the current study, antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns of Salmonella to different antimicrobials are in harmony with previous reports by Islam et al [18]; Ugwu et al [26] and Xie et al [19]. Islam…”

“…The prevalence of Salmonella in egg contents only was 2.22% which was similar to Taddese et al [20] stated that farms egg contents, and market egg contents with 2.4%, and 3.6% Salmonella was prevalent in Jimma Town, Ethiopia. However, the present study was higher than the findings of Karimiazar et al [25] reported that 1.66% of industrial and local egg contents contaminated with Salmonella in Zanjan province, Iran.…”

“…Xie et al [19] reported that 5.40% of Salmonella isolated from eggs in Guangdong, China. Previous workers, who found 2.98% [20] and 3.5% [21] Salmonella prevalence in Ethiopia and Paraguay, reported lower Salmonella isolation rates. In this study, Salmonella prevalence was recorded 8.33%, 13.33%, and 1.67% in farms, whole sellers and retailers, respectively that agreed with Singh et al [22].…”

The foodborne diseases antimicrobial resistance development in food animals: A case of Salmonella isolates from diarrheic sheep in and around Gondar city, Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study

“…All (80) Salmonella isolates were found multidrug-resistant. In agreement with this study Salmonella were developed multidrug resistance in Modjo [18], Gondar [7], Jimma [9], and China [8]. This multidrug resistance might be due to the irrational use of antibiotics practiced in the area [26,27] and or evolutionary nature of Salmonella species [16].…”

“…Alimentarius are working against antibiotic resistance and set action plans to minimize antibiotic use along the food chain it is increasing at an alarming rate [13,14]. Before this research, many other types of research were conducted to assess the resistance pattern of Salmonella both in human and animals, but due to "evolutionary nature of the bacteria and the dependency of patients to antibiotics", the resistance level of Salmonellae to antibiotics are increasing from time to time [15,16,17,18,6,7,8,9]. Antibiotic resistance surveillance in food animal like sheep is strongly recommended for the mitigation of this global health crisis (AMR) and there was no surveillance has done yet in the study area.…”