Antibiotic Activity of Actinobacteria from the Digestive Tract of Millipede Nedyopus dawydoffiae (Diplopoda)

Abstract

Because of the spread of drug resistance, it is necessary to look for new antibiotics that are effective against pathogenic microorganisms. The purpose of this study was to analyse the species composition of actinobacteria isolated from the digestive tract of the millipedes Nedyopus dawydoffiae and to determine their antimicrobial properties. Species identification was carried out on the basis of the morphological and culture properties and the sequence of the 16S rRNA gene. Actinobacteria were grown in different liquid media. Antibiotic properties were determined against some Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as well as fungi. Of the 15 isolated strains, 13 have antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria (including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus—MRSA) and fungi, but there was no antibiotic activity against Gram-negative test strains Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. It was established that antibiotic-producing actinobacteria belong to eight species of the genus Streptomyces. Depending on the nutrient medium, actinobacteria demonstrate different antimicrobial activities. As an example, S. hydrogenans shows that even strains selected in one population differ by the range of antimicrobial activity and the level of biosynthesis. Since the antibiotic production is considered as a feature for species competition in the microbiota community, the variability of antibiotic production among different strains of the same species is an adaptive characteristic for the competition in millipedes’ digestive tract community.

De novo metatranscriptomic exploration of gene function in the millipede holobiont

“…Microscopic fungi can act as pathogenic factors for millipedes, and genes involved in defense against fungi were active in all host body parts. In a recent study, eight species of antibiotic-producing Actinobacteria belonging to the genus Streptomyces were detected in the digestive tract of millipede Nedyopus dawydoffiae (Diplopoda) (Attems, 1953) 89 . We have found that lysozyme genes were produced by the host tissues as a part of probable antibacterial defense.…”

EFFECT OF A COMPLEX FEED ADDITIVE ON THE COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION OF THE Oryctolagus dominis CAECUM MICROBIOME

“…Например, представители филума Verrucomicrobiota, такие как Akkermansia muciniphila, обладают пробиотической активностью, модулируя толщину слизи в кишечнике и повышая целостность кишечного барьера (62). Бактерии филума Actinobacteriota служат продуцентами антимикробных веществ, активных в отношении патогенов (63). При этом среди бактерий филума Campilobacterota, который был представлен единственным родом Campylobacter (рис.…”

Approach to Searching for the Producers of Antibiotics That Overcome Drug Resistance of Microorganisms

“…Агаровые среды для роста и идентификации актиномицетов, а также жидкие культуральные среды, разработаны для продуцентов антибиотиков в ФГБНУ «НИИНА» им. Г. Ф. Гаузе [5].…”

“…Основное количество антибиотиков, образуемых актиномицетами, было описано в 1950-80 гг. После выяснения видовой принадлежности и спектров антимикробной активности мы сравнили полученные результаты с данными литературы по изучаемым видам (табл 4,5)…”