Antibiotic profile in pediatric wards, Department of Child Health, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital

Abstract

Introduction The medical profession has currently come to a con-clusion that the major problem in the future is failure of treatmentdue to antibiotic-resistant microorganisms.Objective The aim of this study was to determine the profile ofantibiotics used in the Pediatric Wards of Department of Child Health,Medical School, University of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hos-pital, Jakarta.Methods A descriptive retrospective study was conducted on all pa-tients hospitalized in the Pediatric Wards of Department of Child Health,Medical School, University of Indonesia, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hos-pital during June–July 2001. Data were obtained from the medicalrecords of the patients.Results Three hundreds and fifty-six hospitalized patients fulfilledthe inclusion criteria. The antibiotics were given to 48.7% of thepatients. The greatest user of antibiotics was the age group of 1-5year-old, 50% of patients had been given single antibiotic and therest given combined antibiotics. The ICU used antibiotics most fre-quently in contrast to the one-day care unit which used least. Thegreatest use of single antibiotic was in the class 1-2 wards whilecombined antibiotics were mostly used in the third class wards.Single antibiotics used were cefotaxime (49.4%), amoxicillin(20.7%), and ampicillin (11.55%). Combined antibiotics used wereampicillin + chloramphenicol (34.5%), cotrimoxazole (21.8%),cefotaxime + amikacin (5.7%), cefotaxime + cotrimoxazole (5.7%),and cefotaxime + isoniazid + rifampicin + pyrazinamide (5.7%).Conclusions The antibiotics most commonly used singly wascefotaxime. The combination of antibiotic mostly used was ampi-cillin + chloramphenicol

Antimicrobial Utilization Pattern in Pediatric Patients in Tertiary Care Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia: The Need for Antimicrobial Stewardship

“…6 This study was also comparable with the study done in Indonesian pediatric wards where the greatest user of antibiotics was the age group of 1 to 5 years old. 18 Apart from the present finding, Warrier et al also reported that ampicillin and cefotaxime had the highest exposure rates in neonatal intensive care units. 22 For patients receiving ampicillin, the concurrent use of cefotaxime during the first 3 days after birth either is a surrogate for an unrecognized factor or is itself associated with an increased risk of death, compared with the concurrent use of gentamicin.…”

“…21 Besides, a study done in the pediatric ward of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Indonesia, explored that the most frequently prescribed multiple antimicrobials were ampicillin + chloramphenicol, cefotaxime + amikacin, cefotaxime + cotrimoxazole, and cefotaxime + RHZE. 18 Regarding specific age groups, this study showed that ampicillin and gentamicin were commonly prescribed for children below 5 years and had been the predominant antimicrobial therapy in neonates, whereas ceftriaxone and crystalline penicillin were prescribed predominately to infants and children with the age group of 1 to 5 years. This result supports a study carried out in ARH where ampicillin and gentamicin were frequently prescribed to the age group of less than 1 year; however, ceftriaxone was primarily prescribed to children with the age group of greater than 5 years.…”

“…In Indonesia, records from pediatric wards indicated that cefotaxime, amoxicillin, and ampicillin were the most frequently prescribed antibiotics. 18 Study done in a pediatric hospital of Erode, Tamil Nadu, India, indicated that the most frequently prescribed individual antimicrobial drugs were cephalosporins, namely, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, cefpodoxime, and cefaclor. 11 Coming to our country, Ethiopia, the most frequently prescribed individual antimicrobials were penicillin G crystalline (n = 146, 28.4%) in HUTRH, 2 and cotrimoxazole and amoxicillin in Jimma and Addis Ababa tertiary care hospitals.…”

The Magnitude of Prescribed Antibiotics in Pediatric Emergency Department in Basra Hospital for Maternity and Children

“…Age groups are divided into five groups: less than one year (35.5%), 1-3 years (28.25%), 4-6 years (17.25%), 7-9 years (10%) and 10-12 years (9%). (Husni et al,2004). In this study, and as mentioned in (Yek et al, 2010).…”