Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Clinical Specimens

Khan, Salahuddin

doi:10.9790/3008-0463740

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…In this study, the overall prevalence of MRSA was 12.88% while that of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) was 13.64%. This is similar to 13.16% reported in Douala [ 6 ], but higher than 5.26% reported in Peshawar, Pakistan [ 20 ]. These variations in the prevalence of MRSA could be as a result of differences in environmental factors, methodology employed, number of samples used, or other practices used in the control of the infections.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and drug susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

Ndedy,

Nyasa,

Esemu

et al. 2023

Pan Afr Med J

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Introduction Staphylococcus aureus, which is part of the normal flora accounts for most acute and chronic infections in humans, and treatment options are greatly limited, when infection is caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). This study was to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of MRSA from clinical samples obtained randomly from patients in Buea Health District. Methods a total of 264 wounds, nasopharynx, and urine samples were collected from patients from different hospitals in Buea and transported to the laboratory in the University of Buea, for analysis. Samples were inoculated on mannitol salt agar for S. aureus isolation, characterized morphologically by gram staining and biochemically by catalase, coagulase, and hemolysis tests. Diagnosis of S. aureus was confirmed by molecular identification of the nuc gene. MRSA was identified from S. aureus by oxacillin screening and confirmed by molecular identification of the mecA gene. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 17.0. Results S. aureus was isolated from 70 (26.52%) and all were confirmed molecularly by nuc gene amplification. MRSA by oxacillin screening was 36 (13.64%) while MRSA detected by mecA gene amplification was 34 (12.88%). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed 100% resistance to ampicillin, 88.24% to cefixime and 70.59% to ceftriaxone while low resistance was observed to meropenem (11.76%), doxycycline (14.71%), and vancomycin (17.67%). Conclusion MRSA isolated from Buea Health District are resistant to ampicillin, cefixime, and ceftriaxone. The antimicrobials (meropenem, doxycycline, and vancomycin) should be used to treat MRSA infections in Buea Health District.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and drug susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

Ndedy,

Nyasa,

Esemu

et al. 2023

Pan Afr Med J

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“…Results revealed that S. aureus isolates were least sensitive to cephardine and penicillin-G. Similar findings have been reported (Khan et al, 2013b;Mohanty et al, 2013). This higher resistance of Staphylococcus aureus against penicillin may be attributed to the production of β-lactamase enzyme responsible for inactivation of penicillin (Abera et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates Recovered From Natural Cases of Subclinical Mastitis in Cholistani Cattle and Their Antibacterial Susceptibility

Qayyum¹,

Khan²,

Hussain³

et al. 2016

PAKJAS

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Subclinical mastitis primarily with microbial etiology is amenable to different antibiotic therapy and the outcome is doubtful due to the association of a variety of microorganisms, host-specificity and continual evolution of different antibiotic-resistant strains of microorganisms. Therefore, the present study was ascertained to investigate the presence, genotypic characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus isolates recovered from subclinically mastitic Cholistani cattle and the effectiveness of different antibiotics against these pathogens by disc diffusion technique. For this purpose milk samples were collected from a total of 1457 lactating Cholistani cattle and screened for mastitis using California Mastitis Test. All the positive samples were processed for culturing. Staphylococcus aureus isolates isolated and identified on the basis of colony characteristics, coagulase test, biochemical features and amplification of spa (spa-X) and coagulase (coa) genes. The results of PCR revealed that amplification of spa (spa-X) gene yielded different PCR products (400bp and 350bp) while coagulase (coa) produced different products size (390bp, 500bp, and 600bp) indicating genetic variation within and among different herds of the cattle. Moreover, results of this study showed that the spa (spa-X) gene present in coagulase positive (179) and coagulase negative (4) S. aureus isolates. S. aureus isolates were fully sensitive (88%) to amoxicillin, followed by enrofloxacin (78%) and highly resistant to penicillin (65%) and cephradine (100%). It is therefore concluded that S. aureus isolates were genetically different in the study areas and amoxicillin is the drug of choice for treating subclinical mastitis.

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Mupirocin Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in Clinical Isolates of National Hospital and in the Nasal Carriage of Healthy Undergraduates in Colombo, Sri Lanka

Achintha¹,

Rupasena²,

Pathum³

et al. 2021

IJKIU

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Introduction and Objectives : Mupirocin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus is increasingly reported in many parts of the world. This study was conducted with the objective of describing high-level and low-level mupirocin resistance of S. aureus in clinical isolates and nasal carriage. Materials and Methods : A descriptive study was conducted including 45 nasal isolates of S. aureus collected from healthy university students in Colombo and 249 clinical isolates of S. aureus from the patient specimens in National Hospital of Sri Lanka. All of the confirmed S. aureus strains were tested for methicillin resistance using cefoxitin disc (30μg). S. aureus isolates were considered methicillin-resistant if the diameter of zone of inhibition was 21mm or less (CLSI, 2017). The S. aureus isolates were then tested for mupirocin resistance. Disk diffusion method was utilized with 5μg and 200μg mupirocin discs to determine low-level and high-level resistances respectively. The criterion employed for interpretation of mupirocin resistance was a combination of the widely accepted criterion described by Finlay, Miller, and Poupard (1997) for low-level mupirocin resistance and CLSI (2017) criterion for high-level mupirocin resistance. If both inhibition zone diameters for 5μg disk and 200μg were ≥14mm, the isolate was considered mupirocin sensitive. If 5μg disc displays <14mm and 200 μg disk displayed ≥14mm inhibition zone diameter, the isolate was considered to be mupirocin low level resistant. If there is no inhibition zone in 200μg disk, the isolate was considered as mupirocin high level resistant. Results : From the 45 nasal carriage isolates, 33 (73%) were Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and 12 (27%) were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among the clinical isolates, majority (n=158, 63%) were MRSA while only 91 (37%) MSSA. An overall mupirocin resistance rate of 4.4% among S. aureus was observed. Low-level mupirocin resistance was observed in 3.7% Staphylococcus aureus isolates and high-level mupirocin resistance was observed in 0.7% isolates. Mupirocin low-level and high-level resistance in MRSA isolates were 5.3% and 0.6% respectively. MSSA isolates demonstrated 1.6% (n=2) and 0.8% (n=1) mupirocin low-level and high-level resistances respectively. None of the nasal isolates were resistant to mupirocin while 6% (n=15) mupirocin low-level resistance and 0.8% (n=2) mupirocin high-level resistance was observed in clinical isolates. Conclusion : This initial survey of mupirocin resistance among S. aureus in a country with fairly high usage of mupirocin emphasizes that although the overall mupirocin resistance is relatively low in this population, regular surveillance of mupirocin resistance remains a necessity.

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Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolated From Clinical Specimens

Cited by 4 publications

References 10 publications

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and drug susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

A cross-sectional study on the prevalence and drug susceptibility pattern of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from patients in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

Molecular Characterization of Staphylococcus Aureus Isolates Recovered From Natural Cases of Subclinical Mastitis in Cholistani Cattle and Their Antibacterial Susceptibility

Mupirocin Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus in Clinical Isolates of National Hospital and in the Nasal Carriage of Healthy Undergraduates in Colombo, Sri Lanka

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