Antibiotic Resistance, spa Typing and Clonal Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Isolates from Blood of Patients Hospitalized in the Czech Republic

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is one of the major causes of bloodstream infections. The aim of our study was to characterize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from blood of patients hospitalized in the Czech Republic between 2016 and 2018. All MRSA strains were tested for antibiotic susceptibility, analyzed by spa typing and clustered using a Based Upon Repeat Pattern (BURP) algorithm. The representative isolates of the four most common spa types and representative isolates of all spa clonal complexes were further typed by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing. The majority of MRSA strains were resistant to ciprofloxacin (94%), erythromycin (95.5%) and clindamycin (95.6%). Among the 618 strains analyzed, 52 different spa types were detected. BURP analysis divided them into six different clusters. The most common spa types were t003, t586, t014 and t002, all belonging to the CC5 (clonal complex). CC5 was the most abundant MLST CC of our study, comprising of 91.7% (n = 565) of spa-typeable isolates. Other CCs present in our study were CC398, CC22, CC8, CC45 and CC97. To our knowledge, this is the biggest nationwide study aimed at typing MRSA blood isolates from the Czech Republic.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in China: a multicentre longitudinal study and whole-genome sequencing

“…After 2015, CC8-ST239 has lost its predominance and was replaced by CC59-ST59 and CC5. Not coincidentally, this similar clonal shift was also documented in America, Malaysia, Singaporean, Hungary, Portuguese, Czech Republic and some Latin American Countries in recent decades [ 2 , 28–30 ], indicating it appears to be a common phenomenon.…”

Diversity of clonal complex 22 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates in Kuwait hospitals

“…Although 10 sequence types were identified among the CC22-MRSA isolates in this study, most (85.5%) of the isolates belonged to ST22 with the rest of the isolates distributed among ST1037, ST1082, ST2286, ST2371, ST244, ST737, ST2124, ST4671 and the novel sequence type, ST5868. The dominance of ST22 is consistent with the sequence type associated with most CC22-MRSA reported in studies from different countries ( Shore et al, 2010 , 2012 ; Couto et al, 2015 ; Dhawan et al, 2015 ; Goudarzi et al, 2016 ; Sit et al, 2017 ; Udo and Al-Sweih, 2017 ; Firoozeh et al, 2020 ; Pomorska et al, 2021 ) indicating that CC22-MRSA has remained homogenous until now when characterized using MLST. However, the detection of nine other sequence types together with variations in spa and SCC mec types in this study signals an emerging genomic diversification in the CC22-MRSA lineage.…”

High prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin positive, multidrug resistant, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains circulating among clinical setups in Adamawa and Far North regions of Cameroon

“…Meanwhile rifampicin, fusidic acid, lincomycin and minocycline showed efficacy against our isolates. Similar efficacy of rifampicin was also observed in isolates from Creech [55]. Sociodemographic distribution showed that men were most susceptible with 68.5% (n = 63) prevalence.…”