Antibiotic susceptibility in aerobic gram-negative bacilli isolated in intensive care units in 39 French teaching hospitals (ICU study)

Jarlier, Vincent; Fosse, T.; Philippon, A.

doi:10.1007/s001340050213

Cited by 18 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…Similar findings were reported in a Belgian study [21]. The rank order of bacterial species was also comparable to that reported for ICUs in French teaching hospitals [8]. The distribution of gram-negative bacteria in ICUs in eight Turkish hospitals was also similar, except that the positions of Enterobacter spp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The European Prevalence of Infection in Intensive Care Units (EPIC) study involving hospitals from 17 countries showed large differences in the prevalence of infections and the mortality rate in ICUs [7]. Furthermore, the susceptibility of pathogens to antimicrobial agents varies both over time and between countries, although data are often limited to aerobic gram-negative bacilli [8,9,10,11] or address only enterococci [12,13]. Only a few studies have addressed resistance in both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria from patients in ICUs [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria from Patients in Intensive Care Units of 25 European University Hospitals Participating in the European Arm of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program 1997–1998

Fluit

Verhoef

Schmitz

et al. 2001

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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A total of 3,981 isolates from patients treated at intensive care units were collected in 25 European university hospitals during 1997 and 1998 as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Overall, the most important species isolated were Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), Enterobacter spp., Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis. Thirty-nine percent of all Staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to oxacillin. All Staphylococcus aureus isolates were fully susceptible to linezolid and vancomycin. Moreover, all CNS isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and minocycline. All Enterococcus faecalis isolates were susceptible to vancomycin, and 99% of these isolates were also susceptible to ampicillin. The antimicrobial agents most effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates were amikacin, piperacillin/tazobactam, meropenem, and cefepime, with 87, 85, 84, and 83% of isolates being susceptible, respectively. Escherichia coli isolates were fully susceptible to carbapenems, and at least 99% of these isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone, cefepime, and amikacin. The Enterobacter spp. were also highly susceptible to carbapenems, amikacin, and cefepime, with 99, 97, and 96% of isolates being susceptible, respective-ly. Haemophilus influenzae was susceptible to most of the antibiotics tested. Only 68% of the pneumococcal isolates were fully susceptible to penicillin, yet 100% were susceptible to a number of fluoroquinolones and vancomycin. There are still sufficient treatment options for patients infected with the most important bacterial species involved in infections in intensive care units. However, the situation for patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections is critical.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria from Patients in Intensive Care Units of 25 European University Hospitals Participating in the European Arm of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program 1997–1998

Fluit

Verhoef

Schmitz

et al. 2001

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

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“…Focusing more specifically on antibiotic resistance, the EPIC data reveals that antibiotic resistance occurs frequently among organisms causing infection in ICU patients, a fact supported by other studies within Europe [12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19] and worldwide [20,21,22,23]. It is clear that the resistance of organisms to antibiotics is increasing [16,24], and resistance rates are particularly high in the ICU.…”

Section: Antimicrobial Resistancementioning

confidence: 71%

Microbial resistance: lessons from the EPIC study

Vincent¹

2000

Intensive Care Med

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In 1992, a one day point prevalence study (EPIC) was conducted in European intensive care units (ICUs) to determine the prevalence of nosocomial infection among ICU patients. Of the 10,038 patients included, 45% were infected and 21% had a nosocomial ICU-acquired infection. Many of the organisms responsible for these infections were resistant to commonly used antibiotics. For example, 60% of the Staphylococcus aureus isolated were resistant to methicillin and 46% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were resistant to gentamicin. The incidence of nosocomial infection varied between countries as did the incidence of antibiotic resistance. Mortality rates were higher in countries with higher rates of nosocomial infection and higher again in those countries with higher rates of resistant organisms. Antibiotic resistance is rising and clearly efforts to contain its development and spread are vital. Basic infection control procedures such as hand-washing must be developed and implemented, and antibiotic prescribing needs to be rationalized. The international variations in resistance rates, even within Europe, highlight the importance of being familiar with local resistance patterns when prescribing. The assistance of an infectious diseases specialist can be invaluable in providing a global overview of the local microbial milieu and of antibiotic resistance patterns. Epidemiological studies of this sort can provide useful information which can be used to stimulate debate on the reasons behind regional differences in infection and help in the development of strategies to combat the rising tide of microbial antibiotic resistance.

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“…CA-ASB comprises a large reservoir of antimicrobial-resistant organisms, particularly on critical care units, and can be the source of cross-infection [31,[58][59][60][61][62][63]. One study reported that 15% of episodes of hospital-acquired bacteriuria occur in clusters [58], and these often involve highly antimicrobial-resistant organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Adults: 2009 International Clinical Practice Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America

Hooton¹,

Bradley

Cardenas

et al. 2010

Clinical Infectious Diseases

1,743

1,584

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Guidelines for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of persons with catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CA-UTI), both symptomatic and asymptomatic, were prepared by an Expert Panel of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. The evidence-based guidelines encompass diagnostic criteria, strategies to reduce the risk of CA-UTIs, strategies that have not been found to reduce the incidence of urinary infections, and management strategies for patients with catheter-associated asymptomatic bacteriuria or symptomatic urinary tract infection. These guidelines are intended for use by physicians in all medical specialties who perform direct patient care, with an emphasis on the care of patients in hospitals and long-term care facilities.

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Antibiotic susceptibility in aerobic gram-negative bacilli isolated in intensive care units in 39 French teaching hospitals (ICU study)

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Frequency of Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria from Patients in Intensive Care Units of 25 European University Hospitals Participating in the European Arm of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program 1997–1998

Frequency of Isolation and Antimicrobial Resistance of Gram-Negative and Gram-Positive Bacteria from Patients in Intensive Care Units of 25 European University Hospitals Participating in the European Arm of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program 1997–1998

Microbial resistance: lessons from the EPIC study

Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection in Adults: 2009 International Clinical Practice Guidelines from the Infectious Diseases Society of America

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