Antibiotic Susceptibility of Anaerobic Ruminal Bacteria

Fulghum, Robert S.; Baldwin, Beverly B.; Williams, Phletus P.

doi:10.1128/am.16.2.301-307.1968

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Most of the common ruminal bacterial species are sensitive to tetracycline [ 80 , 81 ], but Flint et al [ 82 ] isolated strains of M. elsdenii resistant to this antibiotic, two of which had a plasmid of approximately 5–8 kilobase pairs (kbp) that carried a tetracycline (Tc) resistance marker. Additionally, Nagaraja and Taylor [ 83 ] showed that M. elsdenii B159 was totally resistant to eight antimicrobial feed additives (lasalocid, monensin, narasin, salinomycin, avoparcin, thiopeptin, tylosin, and virginiamycin).…”

Section: Resistance To Environmental Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Cabral,

Weimer

2024

Microorganisms

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The Gram-negative, strictly anaerobic bacterium Megasphaera elsdenii was first isolated from the rumen in 1953 and is common in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract. Its ability to use either lactate or glucose as its major energy sources for growth has been well documented, although it can also ferment amino acids into ammonia and branched-chain fatty acids, which are growth factors for other bacteria. The ruminal abundance of M. elsdenii usually increases in animals fed grain-based diets due to its ability to use lactate (the product of rapid ruminal sugar fermentation), especially at a low ruminal pH (<5.5). M. elsdenii has been proposed as a potential dietary probiotic to prevent ruminal acidosis in feedlot cattle and high-producing dairy cows. However, this bacterium has also been associated with milk fat depression (MFD) in dairy cows, although proving a causative role has remained elusive. This review summarizes the unique physiology of this intriguing bacterium and its functional role in the ruminal community as well as its role in the health and productivity of the host animal. In addition to its effects in the rumen, the ability of M. elsdenii to produce C2–C7 carboxylic acids—potential precursors for industrial fuel and chemical production—is examined.

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Section: Resistance To Environmental Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Cabral,

Weimer

2024

Microorganisms

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“…Anaerobic ruminal bacteria possess inherent resistance to a number of antimicrobials (Fulghum et al, 1968). Gram-positive ruminal bacteria were generally much more sensitive than Gram-negative bacteria to antimicrobials used as growth promoters (Nagaraja and Taylor, 1987).…”

Section: The Bovine Faecal Resistomementioning

confidence: 99%

Risk for the development of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) due to feeding of calves with milk containing residues of antibiotics

Ricci¹,

Allende²,

Bolton³

et al. 2017

EFS2

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EFSA was requested to: 1) assess the risk for the development of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to feeding on farm of calves with colostrum potentially containing residues of antibiotics; 2) assess the risk for the development of AMR due to feeding on farm of calves with milk of cows treated during lactation with an antibiotic and milked during the withdrawal period, and 3) propose possible options to mitigate the risk for the development of AMR derived from such practices. Treatment of dairy cows during the dry period and during lactation is common in the EU Member States. Penicillins, alone or in combination with aminoglycosides, and cephalosporins are most commonly used. Residue levels of antimicrobials decrease with the length of the dry period. When the interval from the start of the drying-off treatment until calving is as long as or longer than the minimum specified in the Summary of Product Characteristics of the antimicrobial, faecal shedding of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria will not increase when calves are fed colostrum from treated cows. Milk from cows receiving antimicrobial treatment during lactation contains substantial residues during the treatment and withdrawal period. Consumption of such milk will lead to increased faecal shedding of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria by calves. A range of possible options exist for restricting the feeding of such milk to calves, which could be targeting the highest priority critically important antimicrobials. b-Lactamases can reduce the concentration of b-lactams which are the most frequently used antimicrobials in milking cows. Options to mitigate the presence of resistant bacteria in raw milk or colostrum are mainly based on thermal inactivation. An editorial correction was carried out that does not materially affect the contents or outcome of this scientific output. To avoid confusion, the older version has been removed from the EFSA Journal, but is available on request, as is a version showing all the changes made.

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“…Rumen bacterial strains (Bacteroides amylophilus, H-18; B. ruminicola subsp. brevis, GA-33; B. succinogenes, S-85; Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, 49; Eubacterium ruminantium, BiC23; E. limosum, L-34; Lachnospira multiparus, D-32; Peptostreptococcus elsdenii, B-159; Ruminicoccus flavefaciens, C-94; Streptococcus bovis, FD-10; Succinimonas amylolytica,B24: and Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens,24) were obtained from Marvin P. Bryant's collection, as reported by Fulghum et al (1968). The strains were maintained on rumen fluid-trypticase yeast extract medium, RFTY (Fulghum et al, 1968).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…brevis, GA-33; B. succinogenes, S-85; Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, 49; Eubacterium ruminantium, BiC23; E. limosum, L-34; Lachnospira multiparus, D-32; Peptostreptococcus elsdenii, B-159; Ruminicoccus flavefaciens, C-94; Streptococcus bovis, FD-10; Succinimonas amylolytica,B24: and Succinivibrio dextrinosolvens,24) were obtained from Marvin P. Bryant's collection, as reported by Fulghum et al (1968). The strains were maintained on rumen fluid-trypticase yeast extract medium, RFTY (Fulghum et al, 1968). Ruminal ciliates were ob-United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Science Research Division, ARS, Metabolism and Radiation Research Laboratory, Fargo, North Dakota 58102 tained from calves faunated with Isotricha prostoma and I. intestinalis, and/or Entodinium sp.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of trifluralin metabolites from rumen microbial cultures. Effect of trifluralin on bacteria and protozoa

Williams¹,

Feil²

1971

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Antibiotic Susceptibility of Anaerobic Ruminal Bacteria

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Megasphaera elsdenii: Its Role in Ruminant Nutrition and Its Potential Industrial Application for Organic Acid Biosynthesis

Risk for the development of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) due to feeding of calves with milk containing residues of antibiotics

Identification of trifluralin metabolites from rumen microbial cultures. Effect of trifluralin on bacteria and protozoa

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