Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacterial Pathogens Stratified by Age in a Public Hospital in Qassim

Abstract

Antibiotics have completely transformed medical practice by enabling the treatment of infections that were formerly fatal. However, misuse of antibiotics encourages the formation and spread of germs that are resistant to therapy, hastening the emergence of bacterial resistance. This was a retrospective study that aimed to gather information about the variation in bacterial susceptibility of various patient age groups in a public hospital in Qassim, Saudi Arabia from January 2020 to December 2021. The study included reviewing bacterial susceptibility results that were collected from the laboratory department of the hospital. Four thousand seven hundred and sixty-two isolates were collected. The age of 46.41% of the patients was more than 63 years and the age of 28.96% of the patients was less than 48 years. The most prevalent bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The resistance of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria to different antibiotics in the elderly group was generally higher than the resistance rates in younger patients. For example, in patients less than 48 years old, the resistance of Staphylococcus haemolyticus to clindamycin (53.3%), ampicillin (91.4%), ciprofloxacin (68.2%), erythromycin (86.1%), and penicillin (93.18%) was high. In patients aged more than 63 years, Staphylococcus haemolyticus was highly resistant to sulfamethoxazole (54.8%), clindamycin (63.9%), ampicillin (98.1%), ciprofloxacin (79.1%), erythromycin (93.2%), gentamicin (63.6%), and penicillin (98.7%). Before prescribing the antibiotics, it is important to assess the microbes that patients have and to be aware of the bacterial isolates’ patterns of antibiotic susceptibility among patients of various age groups.