Antibiotic treatment of experimentally Borrelia burgdorferi-infected ponies

Chang, Yung-Fu; Ku, Yu-We; Chang, Chia‐Ming; Chang, Ching‐Dong; McDonough, Sean P.; Divers, Thomas J.; Pough, Margaret B.; Torres, Alfonso

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.02.006

Cited by 58 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…First, the evaluated tests may differ in their ability to differentiate "active infection" from the serologic response following exposure to a pathogen. The test for antibodies against B. burgdorferi as part of the pocELISA, for example, is based on the VlsE antigen, which is only expressed during active infection, 7,8 while the whole-cell IFAT and ELISA-WB combination do not explicitly make this differentiation. The ability of the Lyme multiplex assay to differentiate antibodies against outer surface protein (Osp) A, C, and F reportedly allows the differentiation of early and chronic infection as well as an immune response to vaccination.…”

Section: Research-article2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between available serologic tests for detecting antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi in horses in Canada

et al. 2015

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Abstract. To investigate the agreement between available serologic tests for the detection of antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi, 50 serum samples from horses of unknown clinical status and at low risk for infection were tested. In addition to a point-of-care enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (pocELISA), the evaluated tests included 2 indirect fluorescent antibody tests (IFATs) for antibodies against A. phagocytophilum and an IFAT, an ELISA confirmed with Western blot, and the Lyme multiplex assay for antibodies against B. burgdorferi. For each pair-wise comparison between serologic tests, the difference in the proportion of seropositive results as well as kappa and the prevalenceadjusted, bias-adjusted kappa were calculated. The proportion of seropositive results differed significantly in each pairwise comparison of tests for detection of antibodies against A. phagocytophilum, and between the pocELISA and IFAT as well as between the pocELISA and Lyme multiplex assay for detection of antibodies against B. burgdorferi. Agreement based on kappa varied from poor to fair while agreement was improved when evaluating prevalence-adjusted, bias-adjusted kappa. Lack of agreement may be explained by differences in methodology between the evaluated tests, cross-reactivity or false-positive and false-negative tests. In addition to the limitations of serologic test interpretation in the absence of clinical disease, this data suggest that screening of horses for exposure to tick-borne diseases in nonendemic areas may not be warranted.

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Section: Research-article2015mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between available serologic tests for detecting antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi in horses in Canada

et al. 2015

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“…is the cause of Lyme disease in mammals. The emergence of the relapse of symptoms of this disease has been noticed 7, 19, 37, 55. The challenge in treating these bacteria has been complicated by several pathophysiological factors, including their ability to remain latent for decades 5, 56-58.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperation of Doxycycline with Phytochemicals and Micronutrients Against Active and Persistent Forms of Borrelia sp

2016

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Phytochemicals and micronutrients represent a growing theme in antimicrobial defense; however, little is known about their anti-borreliae effects of reciprocal cooperation with antibiotics. A better understanding of this aspect could advance our knowledge and help improve the efficacy of current approaches towards Borrelia sp. In this study, phytochemicals and micronutrients such as baicalein, luteolin, 10-HAD, iodine, rosmarinic acid, and monolaurin, as well as, vitamins D3 and C were tested in a combinations with doxycycline for their in vitro effectiveness against vegetative (spirochetes) and latent (rounded bodies, biofilm) forms of Borrelia burgdorferi and Borrelia garinii. Anti-borreliae effects were evaluated according to checkerboard assays and supported by statistical analysis. The results showed that combination of doxycycline with flavones such as baicalein and luteolin exhibited additive effects against all morphological forms of studied Borrelia sp. Doxycycline combined with iodine demonstrated additive effects against spirochetes and biofilm, whereas with fatty acids such as monolaurin and 10-HAD it produced FICIs of indifference. Additive anti-spirochetal effects were also observed when doxycycline was used with rosmarinic acid and both vitamins D3 and C. Antagonism was not observed in any of the cases. This data revealed the intrinsic anti-borreliae activity of doxycycline with tested phytochemicals and micronutrients indicating that their addition may enhance efficacy of this antibiotic in combating Borrelia sp. Especially the addition of flavones balcalein and luteolin to a doxycycline regimen could be explored further in defining more effective treatments against these bacteria.

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“…Chang and co-workers validated an equine LD model by exposing ponies to ticks harboring B. burgdorferi for seven days. They then evaluated the antibody response and treatment efficacy at 120 days after infection and found that the antibody levels of the treated animals returned to negative levels in 10 months 45, 46…”

Section: Borreliosis In Horsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specificity tests for IFA and ELISA show minimal cross-reactivity with anti- Leptospira antibodies 67, 68. In general, due to the slow multiplication of the spirochete in the host, three to six weeks may be required for detection of immunoglobulin G (IgG) titers, with eight to sixteen weeks needed to reach their maximum 43, 45, 46. However, because the specificity of IFA and ELISA tests is still questionable, a positive result must be confirmed by a second diagnostic method.…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because the specificity of IFA and ELISA tests is still questionable, a positive result must be confirmed by a second diagnostic method. Western blotting is typically used to detect antibodies against Borrelia -specific antigens 69 ; alternatively, some researchers have used PCR, which has the highest sensitivity and specificity 46, 66…”

Section: Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brazilian borreliosis with special emphasis on humans and horses

Basile

Yoshinari

Mantovani

et al. 2017

Brazilian Journal of Microbiology

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Borreliosis caused by Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato is a cosmopolitan zoonosis studied worldwide; it is called Lyme disease in many countries of the Northern Hemisphere and Lyme-like or Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome in Brazil. However, despite the increasing number of suspect cases, this disease is still neglected in Brazil by the medical and veterinary communities. Brazilian Lyme-like borreliosis likely involves capybaras as reservoirs and Amblyomma and Rhipicephalus ticks as vectors. Thus, domestic animals can serve as key carriers in pathogen dissemination. This zoonosis has been little studied in horses in Brazil. The first survey was performed in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and this Brazilian Borreliosis exhibits many differences from the disease widely described in the Northern Hemisphere. The etiological agent shows different morphological and genetic characteristics, the disease has a higher recurrence rate after treatment with antibiotics, and the pathogen stimulates intense symptoms such as a broader immune response in humans. Additionally, the Brazilian zoonosis is not transmitted by the Ixodes ricinus complex. With respect to clinical manifestations, Baggio-Yoshinari Syndrome has been reported to cause neurological, cardiac, ophthalmic, muscle, and joint alterations in humans. These symptoms can possibly occur in horses. Here, we present a current panel of studies involving the disease in humans and equines, particularly in Brazil.

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Antibiotic treatment of experimentally Borrelia burgdorferi-infected ponies

Cited by 58 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison between available serologic tests for detecting antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi in horses in Canada

Comparison between available serologic tests for detecting antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Borrelia burgdorferi in horses in Canada

Cooperation of Doxycycline with Phytochemicals and Micronutrients Against Active and Persistent Forms of Borrelia sp

Brazilian borreliosis with special emphasis on humans and horses

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