Antibiotic treatment of the hard tick Ixodes ricinus: Influence on Midichloria mitochondrii load following blood meal

Ninio, Camille; Plantard, Olivier; Serra, Valentina; Pollera, C.; Ferrari, Nicola; Cafiso, Alessandra; Sassera, Davide; Bazzocchi, Chiara

doi:10.1016/j.ttbdis.2015.05.011

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In that study, dysbiosed I. scapularis larvae took larger blood meals than control larvae 25 . Our results are similar to studies on I. ricinus and I. paci cus that found that injection of antibiotics into engorged females had no effect on their reproductive tness 38,39 . In other tick species that carry nutritional symbionts, such as Coxiella-like endosymbionts and Francisella-like endosymbionts that provide B vitamins, antibiotic treatments reduced tick tness (e.g., moulting rate, body weight, fecundity, larval survival) and induced physical abnormalities [15][16][17][18][19][20] .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, as most of these studies are correlational in nature, there is a need for more controlled infection experiments to quantify the effects that B. burgdorferi sl pathogens have on the tness of their tick vectors. Ixodes ticks also contain a diversity of non-pathogenic bacteria 36,37 , but their effects on tick tness are even less clear 38,39 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Infection with Borrelia afzelii reduces moulting time of Ixodes ricinus ticks

Hurry

Maluenda

Sarr

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arthropod vectors carry vector-borne pathogens that cause infectious disease in vertebrate hosts, and arthropod-associated non-pathogenic microorganisms. Both types of micro-organisms can influence the fitness of their arthropod vectors, and hence the epidemiology of vector-borne diseases. The bacterium Borrelia afzelii, which causes Lyme disease in Europe, is transmitted among vertebrate reservoir hosts by Ixodes ricinus ticks, which also harbour a large diversity of non-pathogenic bacteria. The purpose of this study was to test experimentally whether B. afzelii and tick-associated non-pathogenic bacteria influence the fitness of I. ricinus. Eggs obtained from field-collected adult female ticks were washed with bleach, which reduced the abundance of non-pathogenic bacteria in the hatched I. ricinus larvae by 28-fold compared to larvae that hatched from eggs washed with water. The dysbiosed and control larvae were subsequently fed on B. afzelii-infected or uninfected control mice, and the engorged larvae were allowed to moult into nymphs under laboratory conditions. I. ricinus larvae that fed on B. afzelii-infected mice had a significantly faster larva-to-nymph moulting time compared to larvae that fed on uninfected control mice. In contrast, we found no evidence that B. afzelii infection or larval dysbiosis influenced the four other life history traits of the immature I. ricinus ticks, which included engorged larval weight, unfed nymphal weight, larva-to-nymph moulting success, and immature tick survival. A power analysis found that our sampling effort had sufficient power (>80%) to detect small effects (difference of 5% – 10%) of either B. afzelii infection or larval dysbiosis. Under the laboratory conditions of our study, B. afzelii appears to be a mostly passive passenger in I. Ricinus ticks.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection with Borrelia afzelii reduces moulting time of Ixodes ricinus ticks

Hurry

Maluenda

Sarr

et al. 2021

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Применение тетрациклина в эксперименте не позволяет избавить I. ricinus от симбионта «Candidatus M. mitochondrii», но снижает раз-множение бактерий [25].…”

Section: жизненный циклunclassified

«candidatus Midichloria Mitochondrii»: A New Member of Order Rickettsiales, Endosymbiont of Ixodes Ricinus Tick

Шпынов

2017

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii is the sheep tick Ixodes ricinus endosymbiont. This unique bacteria can occupy and persist within the mitochondria of animals. I. ricinus is an important vector of human pathogens in natural focal of infections. Candidatus M. mitochondrii found in the intermembrane space of mitochondria and in the cytoplasm of ovarian cells in 100% females of I. ricinus. The bacteria contain flagella in the salivary glands of ticks. Candidatus M. mitochondrii has two groups of unique genes for the members of the order Rickettsiales (cbb3 cytochrome oxidase and flagellin), which allows it to play an important role in embryogenesis of the I. ricinus ticks and cause seroconversion in 58% of patients after ticks bloodsucking. This bacterium formed MALOs group (midichloria and like organisms) with genetically closely related organisms which demonstrated a association with a wide range of host from arthropods to ciliates, amoebae, sponges, fish and various animals and humans. Now there is no data about replication the Candidatus M. mitochondrii in humans and pathogenicity of this microorganism. Although a high percentage of seropositive samples obtained from patients after bloodsucking of I. ricinus in anamnesis, this bacterium cannot yet be regarded as responsible for the pathology as known human pathogenic from order Rickettsi-ales (Rickettsia, Anaplasma and Ehrlichia spp.). Needed to reconsider the attitude to an immune response to the saliva of I. ricinus, taking into account the potential impact of Candidatus M. mitochondrii. It is considered highly possible role of this bacterium in the immune response and immunomodulation in humans with bloodsucking of I. ricinus in anamnesis. DNA of Candidatus M. mitochondrii was the first time detected in I. ricinus ticks from European part of Russia.

show abstract

“…For example, Coxiella -like endosymbiont was revealed to be associated with reproductive fitness of Amblyomma americanum and Haemaphysalis longicornis ( Zhong et al, 2007 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ), while Ca. Midichloria mitochondrii was found to play a role in the engorgement and molt of Ixodes ricinus ticks ( Ninio et al, 2015 ). Bacterial symbionts can also influence pathogen acquisition, colonization or susceptibility in ticks ( Narasimhan et al, 2014 ; Gall et al, 2016 ; Abraham et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endosymbionts Alter Larva-to-Nymph Transstadial Transmission of Babesia microti in Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides Ticks

Zhang

Zhu

et al. 2018

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maternally inherited endosymbionts inhabit a variety of arthropods. Some of them can protect the arthropod host against a wide range of pathogens. However, very little is known about the association between endosymbionts and pathogen susceptibility in ticks. The present study investigated the effect of endosymbionts on larva-to-nymph transstadial transmission of Babesia microti by Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides ticks. Engorged female ticks were injected with PBS, ciprofloxacin or kanamycin. The offspring larvae were used to infest B. microti-positive mice. Prevalence of B. microti among the nymphs in different treatment groups and its association with endosymbiont density in the larvae were analyzed. The results showed that the prevalence of B. microti in the kanamycin-treated group (63.9%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 52.8–75.0%) was higher than that in the PBS (23.6%, 95% CI: 13.8–33.4%) or ciprofloxacin-treated (25.0%, 95% CI: 15.0–35.0%) groups. This increased prevalence was associated with reduced density of Coxiella-like endosymbiont but was not related to the density of Rickettsia-like endosymbiont. No direct evidence has previously been reported about the impact of Coxiella-like endosymbiont on pathogen susceptibility in ticks. This study reveals that endosymbionts are potentially important defensive symbionts of R. haemaphysaloides which may influence the colonization or susceptibility of B. microti in the tick host.

show abstract

Antibiotic treatment of the hard tick Ixodes ricinus: Influence on Midichloria mitochondrii load following blood meal

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Infection with Borrelia afzelii reduces moulting time of Ixodes ricinus ticks

Infection with Borrelia afzelii reduces moulting time of Ixodes ricinus ticks

«candidatus Midichloria Mitochondrii»: A New Member of Order Rickettsiales, Endosymbiont of Ixodes Ricinus Tick

Endosymbionts Alter Larva-to-Nymph Transstadial Transmission of Babesia microti in Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides Ticks

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About