Antibiotic use in the emergency department. IV: Single-dose therapy and parenteral-loading dose therapy

Hoang, Kim D.; Pollack, Charles V.

doi:10.1016/s0736-4679(96)00141-2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for a specific bacterium is usually constant; AUC is therefore a pivotal factor in dose findings. In clinical treatment, a loading dose following a maintenance dose is often applied for the purpose of reaching or exceeding the steady-state concentration (Css) rapidly, especially when treating infections [9] . In the present study, we applied ATFX blood concentrations from a PK study in healthy volunteers to build a PPK model with consideration of the interoccasion variability (IOV).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose findings of antofloxacin hydrochloride for treating bacterial infections in an early clinical trial using PK-PD parameters in healthy volunteers

Wang

Yin

et al. 2012

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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Aim: To find an appropriate dose regimen of the novel antibacterial agent antofloxacin for a phase II clinical trial using a population pharmacokinetic (PPK) study in healthy volunteers and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as pharmacodynamic (PD) parameters. Methods: Twenty-four healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blind crossover study and received antofloxacin (200 or 400 mg/d, po) for consecutive 5 d with 10 d washout between two separate periods. Blood concentrations were analyzed using HPLC with a UVVis detector. The values of area under the curve (AUC) with covariates were obtained from a PPK model, and the MICs came from the previous in vitro studies. The dose regimen was determined for the phase II clinical trial according to the ratio (>20) of AUC/MIC, and the efficacy of the dose was evaluated by the trial. Conclusion:The ratio of AUC from the PPK model vs MIC as the PD parameter can be applied in a dose-finding trial of antofloxacin in treatment of bacterial infections. The PPK model suggests that sex and body weight may be considerations in regards to individual therapy, which should be investigated in larger clinical trials and serve as a potential reference for clinical therapies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose findings of antofloxacin hydrochloride for treating bacterial infections in an early clinical trial using PK-PD parameters in healthy volunteers

Wang

Yin

et al. 2012

Acta Pharmacol Sin

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“…Although research to support this approach is limited, it arguably combines the desired effects of early arrival at an effective therapeutic level with the practical preference for outpatient management in appropriately selected patients. 10…”

Section: Considerations Specific To Route Of Administrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fever and the Rational Use of Antimicrobials in the Emergency Department

Harrison

Ouyang

2013

Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America

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Any patient presenting to the emergency department (ED) with fever triggers consideration of the administration of an antimicrobial. Empiric antimicrobial therapy has become a cornerstone of treatment. Frequently, the decision to initiate empiric treatment needs to be made before the definitive diagnosis is known. In such cases, an organized approach is helpful. This article aims to provide a systems-based approach to prescribing antimicrobials to patients presenting to the ED with fever, while understanding the risk associated with overutilization. An understanding of the key considerations is needed to ensure that decisions are made well and appropriate treatment begins promptly.

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Loading doses for costly cancer biologicals: Sound pharmacology or unnecessary extravagance?

Epstein

Cheung

2008

European Journal of Cancer

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Antibiotic use in the emergency department. IV: Single-dose therapy and parenteral-loading dose therapy

Cited by 5 publications

References 95 publications

Dose findings of antofloxacin hydrochloride for treating bacterial infections in an early clinical trial using PK-PD parameters in healthy volunteers

Dose findings of antofloxacin hydrochloride for treating bacterial infections in an early clinical trial using PK-PD parameters in healthy volunteers

Fever and the Rational Use of Antimicrobials in the Emergency Department

Loading doses for costly cancer biologicals: Sound pharmacology or unnecessary extravagance?

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