Antibiotics in Cultures of Invertebrates

D'agostino, Anthony S.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-8714-9_7

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Fincham {1979b) observed additional larval stages in prawn (Palaemon longirostris) development when antibiotics were applied. The toxicity of streptomycin may have a direct effect on the larvae (D'Agostino, 1975) or perhaps damage their symbionts (Brick, 1974).…”

Section: Rearing Technique and Application Of Streptomycinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental studies on the larval development of the shrimpsCrangon crangon andC. allmanni

Criales

Anger

1986

Helgolander Meeresunters

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Larvae of the shrimps Crangon crangon L. and C. alImanni Kinahan were reared in the laboratory from hatching through metamorphosis. Effects of rearing methods (larval density, application of streptomycin, food) and of salinity on larval development were tested only in C.crangon, influence of temperature was studied in both species. Best results were obtained when larvae were reared individually, with a mixture of Artemia sp. and the rotifer Brachionus plicatilis as food. Streptomycin had partly negative effects and was thus not adopted for standard rearing techniques. All factors tested in this study influenced not only the rates of larval survival and moulting, but also morphogenesis. In both species, in particular in C. crangon, a high degree of variability in larval morphology and in developmental pathways was observed. Unsuitable conditions, e.g. crowding in mass culture, application of antibiotics, unsuitable food (rotifers, phytoplankton), extreme temperatures and salinities, tend to increase the number of larval instars and of morphological forms. The frequency of moulting is controlled mainly by temperature. Regression equations describing the relations between the durations of larval instars and temperature are given for both Crangon species. The number of moults is a linear function of larval age and a power function of temperature. There is high variation in growth (measured as carapace length), moulting frequency, morphogenesis, and survival among hatches originating from different females. The interrelations between these different measures of larval development in shrimps and prawns are discussed.

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Section: Rearing Technique and Application Of Streptomycinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental studies on the larval development of the shrimpsCrangon crangon andC. allmanni

Criales

Anger

1986

Helgolander Meeresunters

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“…A second and more difficult problem to overcome, with respect to the interpretation of uptake studies with O Inter-Research/Printed in F R. Germany marine invertebrates, was the possibility that bacteria were responsible for part or all of the observed uptake rate (D'Agostino 1972, Sieburth 1975, Siebers 1979. The development of techniques to produce axenic suspensions of invertebrate larvae permitted experiments which could directly address this critical problem (Langdon 1983, Manahan et al 1983a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino acid fluxes to and from seawater in axenic veliger larvae of the bivalve (Crassostrea gigas)

Manahan¹

1989

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Rates of uptake of dissolved amino acids were determined for axenic veliger larvae of the bivalve Crassostrea gigas (70 km shell length). Analyses of net fluxes from seawater of amino acids by high-performance liquid chromatography showed a net uptake of all acidic, basic, and neutral amino acids tested. From a substrate concentration of 100 n M each, valine had the hlghest rate of uptake at 70 fmol larva-' h-', and arginine the lowest at 4 fmol larva-' h-' The influx of alanine, arginine, glutamic acid and leucine (measured radiochemically) reflected the net flux (measured by chromatography). However, there was a net efflux of taurine (0.58 pm01 larva-' h-') even though isotope experiments revealed an influx of 0.32 pm01 larva-' h-' Efflux of taurine was also observed for nonaxenic veligers. Axenic veligers had a K, (substrate concentration at half J,,,) of 11.4 pM and a J,,, (maximum transport capacity) of 4.6 pm01 larva-' h-' for alanine; for leucine, the corresponding values were 7.1 pM and 2.2 pm01 larva-' h-' At substrate concentrations near the K, values (on the order of 10 l t M ) , C gigas larvae could account for 100 % of their oxidative needs by the uptake of amino acids from seawater In most marine environments, such high concentrations are limited to seawater near the sediment. Thus, the overall contribution of dissolved amino acids will depend on the substrate concentration encountered by the larvae in nature.

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“…Thus, we assume that barnacles are less susceptible than copepods and microalgae. Laboratory cultures allow the study of the growth, development, metamorphosis, fertility and nutritional needs of species as a means of research into the role of organisms in nature (D'Agostino 1975). Thus, the application of T A ?…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibition of biofilm bacteria and adherent fungi from marine plankton cultures using an antimicrobial combination

2018

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The presence of organic matter in plankton cultures will lead to 10-to 1000-fold increases in bacterial density in less than 24 h. The presence of bacteria and fungi can damage cultivated phytoplankton and zooplankton. These microorganisms can also inhibit experiments investigating the role of these microorganisms in the community and in biological and ecological laboratory studies. The aim of this study was thus to evaluate the effect of penicillin ? streptomycin ? neomycin (antibiotics) in combination with nystatin (antifungal) to select an antimicrobial combination for the inhibition of biofilm bacteria and adherent fungi that is effective and also non-toxic to marine phytoplankton and zooplankton. Acartia tonsa was exposed to different antimicrobial treatments and application routes (culture medium, culture food, both) to evaluate the survival and egg and fecal pellet production endpoints. The same treatments were also applied to measure Amphibalanus improvisus survival and settlement and Conticribra weissflogii growth endpoints. We selected the most sensitive experimental organism and exposed it to some novel antimicrobial combinations. To evaluate the inhibition potential, biofilm bacteria and adherent fungi were exposed to the treatments that were safe for the bioindicator species. A tonsa was considered the most sensitive of all tested organisms. The treatment composed of 0.025 g L -1 penicillin G potassium ? 0.08 g L -1 streptomycin sulfate ? 0.04 g L -1neomycin sulfate showed the best results for A. tonsa and C. weissflogii cultures. No differences were observed for A. improvisus between the treatments. A. tonsa survival rates showed no differences from the control at nystatin concentrations up to 0.005 g L -1 in combination with the antibiotics. The biofilm bacterial density decreased up to 94% under this treatment, and fungal growth was prevented. Species of other planktonic groups should also be tested to improve our understanding of the effectiveness of the treatments proposed.

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Antibiotics in Cultures of Invertebrates

Cited by 16 publications

References 34 publications

Experimental studies on the larval development of the shrimpsCrangon crangon andC. allmanni

Experimental studies on the larval development of the shrimpsCrangon crangon andC. allmanni

Amino acid fluxes to and from seawater in axenic veliger larvae of the bivalve (Crassostrea gigas)

Inhibition of biofilm bacteria and adherent fungi from marine plankton cultures using an antimicrobial combination

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