Antibodies to native myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in children with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease

Brilot, Fabienne; Dale, Russell C.; Selter, Rebecca C; Grummel, Verena; Kalluri, Sudhakar Reddy; Aslam, Muhammad; Busch, Verena; Zhou, Dun; Cepok, Sabine; Hemmer, Bernhard

doi:10.1002/ana.21916

Cited by 292 publications

(257 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Similarly, MS lesions may show local deposition of immunoglobulins and activated complement at sites of active demyelination, but also this is only seen in a subset of patients [73]. Autoantibodies, directed against the target epitope of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, which is recognized in the process of demyelination, have been detected in a small subset of MS patients, which mainly consists of children with atypical disease course [13]. Other molecular targets for demyelinating antibodies are glycolipids, but their pathogenic potential in inflammatory demyelinating lesions is less clear.…”

Section: Demyelination and Neurodegenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular basis of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

2011

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a b s t r a c tStudies aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease and to find new therapeutic options for multiple sclerosis (MS) patients heavily rely on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a suitable experimental model. This strategy has been highly successful for the inflammatory component of the disease, but had so far little success in the development of neuroprotective therapies, which are also effective in the progressive stage of the disease. Here we discuss opportunities and limitations of EAE models for MS research and provide an overview on the complex mechanisms leading to demyelination and neurodegeneration in this disease. We suggest that the underlying mechanisms involve adaptive and innate immunity. However, mitochondrial injury, resulting in energy failure, is a key element of neurodegeneration in MS and is apparently driven by radical production in activated microglia.

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Section: Demyelination and Neurodegenerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The molecular basis of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

2011

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“…Detection of MOG antibodies may help to differentiate autoimmune and infectious CNS disease and may give prognostic information regarding monophasic or recurrent course. 1 Brilot et al 6 reported that 40% of children with ADEM in their study had high anti-MOG IgG titers. The antibody response against MOG was primarily of the IgG isotype and anti-MOG IgM was rarely found.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 86%

“…Recent studies proposed that myelin basic protein, myelin proteolipid protein, myelin-associated glycoprotein, and MOG are the targets of the immune system in demyelinating diseases. 2,6 MOG is a candidate target antigen in demyelinating CNS diseases. It is e4…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Persistency in a Steroid-Dependent ADEM Case

Polat¹,

Yış²,

Karaoğlu³

et al. 2016

Pediatrics

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Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) is a candidate target antigen in demyelinating central nervous system diseases, including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. It may give prognostic information regarding monophasic or recurrent course of the disease. MOG antibodies have been shown to be positive in high titers during the first episode of ADEM with rapidly decreasing to undetectable limits after recovery. However, persistent MOG antibodies are considered as a predicting factor for multiple sclerosis, optic neuritis relapses, and incomplete recovery of ADEM. Here we report a unique case with persistent MOG antibodies presented with multiphasic ADEM-like attacks. A 6-year-old girl was consulted with encephalopathy, gait disturbance, and oculomotor nerve palsy. Periventricular white matter lesions were seen on cranial magnetic resonance imaging studies. ADEM was diagnosed and treated with steroid. During follow-up, she experienced repeated episodes after steroid therapy termination. We were able to search MOG antibody at the ninth attack. The positivity of this antibody remained. It was thought to be associated with steroid-dependent course, and azathioprine and intravenous human immunoglobulin treatment were added. Patients with persistent MOG antibodies may benefit from addition of immunosuppressant agents, which may decrease the number of attacks.

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“…A high proportion of patients with ADEM, especially children, are found to have antibodies directed toward myelin oligodendrocytes glycoprotein [63][64][65][66]. AHLE has been reported to occur in the context of several different viral infections, including cytomegalovirus, Epstein Barr virus, herpes simplex virus, the mumps virus, and the H1N1 virus [67][68][69][70][71].…”

Section: Ademmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Mediated Diseases and Immune Modulation in the Neurocritical Care Unit

Geldern¹,

McPharlin

Becker

2012

Neurotherapeutics

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This chapter will review the spectrum of immunemediated diseases that affect the nervous system and may result in an admission to the neurological intensive care unit. Immunomodulatory strategies to treat acute exacerbations of neurological diseases caused by aberrant immune responses are discussed, but strategies for long-term immunosuppression are not presented. The recommendations for therapeutic intervention are based on a synthesis of the literature, and include recommendations by the Cochrane Collaborative, the American Academy of Neurology, and other key organizations. References from recent publications are provided for the disorders and therapies in which randomized clinical trials and large evidenced-based reviews do not exist. The chapter concludes with a brief review of the mechanisms of action, dosing, and side effects of commonly used immunosuppressive strategies in the neurocritical care unit.

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Antibodies to native myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in children with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease

Abstract: Overall, these findings suggest nMOG as a major target of the humoral immune response in a subgroup of children affected by inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS. Children may provide valuable insight into the earliest immune mechanisms of CNS demyelination.

Cited by 292 publications

References 37 publications

The molecular basis of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

The molecular basis of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody Persistency in a Steroid-Dependent ADEM Case

Immune Mediated Diseases and Immune Modulation in the Neurocritical Care Unit

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