Antibodies to Viruses of the Columbia sk Group in Sciuridae in Britain

Serological evidence of murine pathogens in wild grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) in North Wales

“…However, in view of its isolations from the red squirrel in the 1960s and its successful transmission to grey squirrels in the laboratory (Vizoso 1969), and its isolation from sick dormice ( Myoxus glis ) in Italy (Amaddeo and others 1995), it should be studied further because these agents may cause serious infections in the red squirrel. ECMV was implicated in a paralytic disease of red squirrels in a region where grey squirrels had not been observed (Vizoso and others 1964). Some of the isolates did not agglutinate sheep red cells (Vizoso and Hay 1964), which suggests that they may belong to the TMEV group (Osterhaus 1994).…”

“…ECMV was implicated in a paralytic disease of red squirrels in a region where grey squirrels had not been observed (Vizoso and others 1964). Some of the isolates did not agglutinate sheep red cells (Vizoso and Hay 1964), which suggests that they may belong to the TMEV group (Osterhaus 1994).…”

“…Early work on diseases affecting British red squirrels, which have been recognised for 70 years (Middleton 1930), led to the isolation of a number of viruses, including two myxoviruses (RS3/2 and RS6) and an encephalomycarditis (EMC)‐like virus designated RS3 (Vizoso and others 1964, Vizoso 1969). The clinical signs described in red squirrels carrying RS6 (Edwards 1962) were similar to those associated with parapoxvirus (Sainsbury and Gurnell 1995), although no evidence of the latter was found, but red squirrels affected by RS3 became paraplegic (Vizoso and others 1964). Six of nine grey squirrels were found to be seropositive for RS6 and another EMC‐like virus GS8 was isolated from grey squirrels.…”

Epidemiologic aspects of infectious agents involved in reproductive inefficiency in swine

“…Unusual for a picornavirus, EMCV has a broad host range. Infections acquired under natural conditions have been described in humans Verlinde and van Tongeren, 1953), other primates (Dick, 1948;Dick, 1953;Dshikidse et al, 1974;Dzhikidze et al, 1982;Gainer, 1967;Helwig and Schmidt, 1945;Heredia et al, 1982;Kissling, 1956;Roca-Garcia and Sanmartin-Barberi, 1957;Verlinde et al, 1950;Wells and Gutter, 1986), many species of rodents Dick, 1953;Gainer and Bigler, 1967;Ghosh and Rajagopalan, 1973;Heredia et al, 1982;Kilham et al, 1956;Kissling, 1956;Paul et al, 1968;Pope, 1959;Vizoso and Hay, 1964), marsupials Gaskin et al, 1980), mongoose species , a raccoon (Gainer, 1967), and several species of birds Gresikova et al, 1978;.…”