Antibodies to Zika virus, Campylobacter jejuni and gangliosides in Guillain–Barre syndrome: A prospective single-center study from southern India

Baskar, Dipti; Amalnath, Deepak; Mandal, Jharna; Dhodapkar, Rahul; Vanathi, K

doi:10.4103/0028-3886.241402

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…Consistency. Geographical region : During this review period, GBS likely due to ZIKV infection was reported in Asia; including Thailand, Bangladesh, Singapore and India 4, 48, 252, 259 . Publication in the WHO Region of the Americas followed the pattern as observed before and no GBS linked to ZIKV infection was reported in Africa.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

et al. 2019

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Background: The Zika virus (ZIKV) caused a large outbreak in the Americas leading to the declaration of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in February 2016. A causal relation between infection and adverse congenital outcomes such as microcephaly was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) informed by a systematic review structured according to a framework of ten dimensions of causality, based on the work of Bradford Hill. Subsequently, the evidence has continued to accumulate, which we incorporate in regular updates of the original work, rendering it a living systematic review. Methods: We present an update of our living systematic review on the causal relation between ZIKV infection and adverse congenital outcomes and between ZIKV and GBS for four dimensions of causality: strength of association, dose-response, specificity, and consistency. We assess the evidence published between January 18, 2017 and July 1, 2019. Results: We found that the strength of association between ZIKV infection and adverse outcomes from case-control studies differs according to whether exposure to ZIKV is assessed in the mother (OR 3.8, 95% CI: 1.7-8.7, I2=19.8%) or the foetus/infant (OR 37.4, 95% CI: 11.0-127.1, I2=0%). In cohort studies, the risk of congenital abnormalities was 3.5 times higher after ZIKV infection (95% CI: 0.9-13.5, I2=0%). The strength of association between ZIKV infection and GBS was higher in studies that enrolled controls from hospital (OR: 55.8, 95% CI: 17.2-181.7, I2=0%) than in studies that enrolled controls at random from the same community or household (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 0.8-5.4, I2=74.6%). In case-control studies, selection of controls from hospitals could have biased results. Conclusions: The conclusions that ZIKV infection causes adverse congenital outcomes and GBS are reinforced with the evidence published between January 18, 2017 and July 1, 2019.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

et al. 2019

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“…Interestingly, GA1 also had the highest reactivity from the French Polynesia study as assessed by a different method of combinatorial glycolipid microarray [9]. However, in a different study in India with Zika-infected GBS patients, the most commonly recognize ganglioside was GT1b [37]. Collectively, our results suggest that, in a minor subset of infected patients, Zika infection causes neuronal damage that triggers an auto-immune antibody response against neuron-derived ganglioside antigens, which contributes to the pathogenesis of GBS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-ganglioside antibodies in patients with Zika virus infection-associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Brazil

et al. 2019

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Zika virus infection is associated with the development of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a neurological autoimmune disorder caused by immune recognition of gangliosides and other components at nerve membranes. Using a high-throughput ELISA, we have analyzed the anti-glycolipid antibody profile, including gangliosides, of plasma samples from patients with Zika infections associated or not with GBS in Salvador, Brazil. We have observed that Zika patients that develop GBS present higher levels of anti-ganglioside antibodies when compared to Zika patients without GBS. We also observed that a broad repertoire of gangliosides was targeted by both IgM and IgG anti-self antibodies in these patients. Since Zika virus infects neurons, which contain membrane gangliosides, antigen presentation of these infected cells may trigger the observed autoimmune anti-ganglioside antibodies suggesting direct infection-induced autoantibodies as a cause leading to GBS development. Collectively, our results establish a link between anti-ganglioside antibodies and Zika-associated GBS in patients.

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“…119 Baskar and colleagues showed anti-GM1 antibodies in 50% of ZIKV-positive patients. 120 However, Cao-Lormeau and his team showed that only a fraction of patients with GBS after ZIKV had AGAs, and their sera (anti-GA1 and GD1a) displayed no antibody competition between ZIKV proteins and GA1, a.k.a. asialo GM1.…”

Section: Infections Associated With Gbs Development Campylobacter Jejunimentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology of gangliosides and the role of antiganglioside antibodies in human diseases

2020

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Gangliosides are structurally and functionally polymorphic sialic acid containing glycosphingolipids that are widely distributed in the human body. They play important roles in protecting us against immune attacks, yet they can become targets for autoimmunity and act as receptors for microbes, like the influenza viruses, and toxins, such as the cholera toxin. The expression patterns of gangliosides vary in different tissues, during different life periods, as well as in different animals. Antibodies against gangliosides (AGA) can target immune attack e.g., against neuronal cells and neutralize their complement inhibitory activity. AGAs are important especially in acquired demyelinating immune-mediated neuropathies, like Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its variant, the Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS). They can emerge in response to different microbial agents and immunological insults. Thereby, they can be involved in a variety of diseases. In addition, antibodies against GM3 were found in the sera of patients vaccinated with Pandemrix®, who developed secondary narcolepsy, strongly supporting the autoimmune etiology of the disease.

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Antibodies to Zika virus, Campylobacter jejuni and gangliosides in Guillain–Barre syndrome: A prospective single-center study from southern India

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

Zika virus infection as a cause of congenital brain abnormalities and Guillain-Barré syndrome: A living systematic review

Anti-ganglioside antibodies in patients with Zika virus infection-associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome in Brazil

Physiology of gangliosides and the role of antiganglioside antibodies in human diseases

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