Antibody Formation in First and Second Generation Offspring of Nutritionally Deprived Rats

Chandra, R. K.

doi:10.1126/science.1179211

Cited by 139 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In addition, slow rates of growth in infancy-likely indicative of inadequate postnatal nutrition-are associated with reduced vaccine responsiveness and thymopoietin production in adolescence (16,23). These findings build on early research with animal models, showing that undernourished rats give birth to offspring with immune deficiencies that last into adulthood, although the offspring had unrestricted access to food (24,25).…”

Section: Ecological Variation and Developmental Plasticity In The Hummentioning

confidence: 90%

Early environments and the ecology of inflammation

McDade

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Recent research has implicated inflammatory processes in the pathophysiology of a wide range of chronic degenerative diseases, although inflammation has long been recognized as a critical line of defense against infectious disease. However, current scientific understandings of the links between chronic low-grade inflammation and diseases of aging are based primarily on research in high-income nations with low levels of infectious disease and high levels of overweight/obesity. From a comparative and historical point of view, this epidemiological situation is relatively unique, and it may not capture the full range of ecological variation necessary to understand the processes that shape the development of inflammatory phenotypes. The human immune system is characterized by substantial developmental plasticity, and a comparative, developmental, ecological framework is proposed to cast light on the complex associations among early environments, regulation of inflammation, and disease. Recent studies in the Philippines and lowland Ecuador reveal low levels of chronic inflammation, despite higher burdens of infectious disease, and point to nutritional and microbial exposures in infancy as important determinants of inflammation in adulthood. By shaping the regulation of inflammation, early environments moderate responses to inflammatory stimuli later in life, with implications for the association between inflammation and chronic diseases. Attention to the eco-logics of inflammation may point to promising directions for future research, enriching our understanding of this important physiological system and informing approaches to the prevention and treatment of disease.

show abstract

Section: Ecological Variation and Developmental Plasticity In The Hummentioning

confidence: 90%

Early environments and the ecology of inflammation

McDade

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

154

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Early research with murine models documented alterations in offspring immune function following maternal nutritional deficiencies (both macro-and micronutrient) that lasted into adulthood and even the next generation, despite ad libitum feeding of both F 1 and F 2 generations (Beach et al, 1982;Chandra, 1975a). Recently, we reported that prenatal undernutrition is associated with impaired antibody responsiveness and reduced thymic hormone production in Filipino adolescents (McDade et al, 2001a,b).…”

Section: Fetal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life history theory and the immune system: Steps toward a human ecological immunology

McDade¹

2003

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

288

305

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

KEY WORDSimmunology; human biology; growth and development; evolutionary theory; infectious disease ABSTRACTWithin anthropology and human biology, there is growing interest in immune function and its importance to the ecology of human health and development. Biomedical research currently dominates our understanding of immunology, and this paper seeks to highlight the potential contribution of a population-based, ecological approach to the study of human immune function. Concepts from life-history theory are applied to highlight the major challenges and demands that are likely to shape immune function in a range of ecological contexts. Immune function is a major component of maintenance effort, and since resources are limited, trade-offs are expected between investment in maintenance and other critical life-history functions involving growth and reproduction. An adaptationist, life-history perspective helps make sense of the unusual developmental trajectory of immune tissues, and emphasizes that this complex system is designed to incorporate information from the surrounding ecology to guide its development. As a result, there is substantial population variation in immune development and function that is not considered by current biomedical approaches. In an attempt to construct a framework for understanding this variation, immune development is considered in relation to the competing life-history demands that define gestation, infancy, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood. Each life stage poses a unique set of adaptive challenges, and a series of hypotheses is proposed regarding their implications for immune development and function. Research in human ecological immunology is in its earliest stages, but this is a promising area of exploration, and one in which anthropology is wellpositioned to make important contributions. Yrbk Phys Research on human immune function has proliferated in the past 25 years, leading to fundamental insights into basic physiology, as well as strategies for the prevention and treatment of a wide range of diseases. The complexity of the immune system is daunting, and current biomedical research elaborates this complexity by focusing almost exclusively on cellular-and molecular-level processes. The majority of this research uses animal models, with human research participants drawn primarily from clinical settings. Complementary population-based research in international health has observed consistent, bidirectional associations between undernutrition and infectious morbidity, sparking interest in immunocompetence as a potentially important mediator (Chandra, 1988;Gershwin et al., 2000;Hoffman-Goetz, 1986;Pelletier et al., 1995;Suskind and Tontisirin, 2001).The significance of these contributions should not be overlooked, but something is missing. Human physiological systems are products of natural selection, designed to develop and function in whole organisms that are integral components of surrounding social and physical environments (Oyama, 1985;Williams and Nesse, 1991). The immune s...

show abstract

“…These general findings have been observed in infants as well as in laboratory animals (Chandra 1975b(Chandra , 1991Moscatelli et al 1976). In animal models of intrauterine nutritional deficiency, protein-energy malnutrition as well as deprivation of selected nutrients results in reduced immune responses in the offspring (Chandra, 1975c). Briefly, the number of T lymphocytes is reduced and their response to mitogens is decreased.…”

Section: Immune Responsesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food allergy and nutrition in early life: implications for later health

Chandra

2000

Proc. Nutr. Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Allergic diseases are a common cause of illness in most industrialized countries. Diet during early childhood is an important determinant of the development of allergy, particularly in high-risk infants who have a parental history of atopy. Maternal avoidance of highly-allergenic foods during pregnancy and lactation, prolonged exclusive breast-feeding, the use of a hydrolysed milk formula, and delayed introduction of dairy products, eggs, fish, nuts and soyabean are associated with a lower incidence of allergic symptoms and signs. These beneficial effects are observed for as long as 18 years of age. Similarly, nutrition and physical growth are important factors that influence immunocompetence and morbidity due to infections. Small-for-gestational age low-birth-weight infants show prolonged impairment of cell-mediated immunity, antibody responses and phagocyte function. Recent studies indicate the beneficial effect of moderate amounts of Zn given in the first 6 months of life. Thus, diet and nutrition in early life are crucial for the development of allergic and infectious disease throughout childhood and into adulthood.

show abstract

Antibody Formation in First and Second Generation Offspring of Nutritionally Deprived Rats

Cited by 139 publications

References 25 publications

Early environments and the ecology of inflammation

Early environments and the ecology of inflammation

Life history theory and the immune system: Steps toward a human ecological immunology

Food allergy and nutrition in early life: implications for later health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About