Antibody Levels and Protection after Hepatitis B Vaccination: Results of a 15-Year Follow-up

McMahon, Brian J.; Bruden, Dana; Petersen, Kenneth M.; Bulkow, Lisa; Parkinson, Alan J.; Nainan, Omana V.; Khristova, Marina L.; Zanis, Carolyn; Peters, Helen; Margolis, Harold S.

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-142-5-200503010-00008

Cited by 275 publications

(185 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Many regions and countries that were deemed high-risk for HBV infection have now run routine vaccination campaigns for almost three decades, and follow-up studies now show significantly reduced levels of chronic HBV infection within vaccination age cohorts in regions which include Thailand, Taiwan, and Alaska, amongst others [4][5][6][7].…”

Section: General Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Serological and molecular epidemiological outcomes after two decades of universal infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in Nunavut, Canada

Huynh¹,

Minuk

Uhanova

et al. 2017

Vaccine

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Section: General Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After follow-up of universal infant vaccination within these regions, prevalence rates of HBsAg within vaccination age cohorts are now 0.7% and almost 0%, respectively [4,6].…”

Section: Global Usementioning

confidence: 99%

Serological and molecular epidemiological outcomes after two decades of universal infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in Nunavut, Canada

Huynh¹,

Minuk

Uhanova

et al. 2017

Vaccine

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“…1 To control HBV infection, universal neonatal immunisation with the hepatitis B vaccine was introduced more than 3 decades ago, and its efficacy has been reported in many studies that have shown not only a reduction in the prevalence of childhood HBV infection, but also the presence of an anamnestic response that could maintain immunoprotection for many years. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Indeed, in Taiwan, following introduction of the vaccine, the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in children was reduced from 0.54 to 0.20 per 100,000 children aged 6-14 years in those born before versus after the vaccination program. 15 In Hong Kong, selective active-passive hepatitis B immunization was first administered to neonates born to mothers screened positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from late 1983 to 1988, 16 followed by universal neonatal HBV vaccination from November 1988, 17 and the vaccine has become widely available since.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Lao

2016

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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The hepatitis B vaccine has been introduced for more than 3 decades. In Hong Kong, excellent vaccine coverage through an efficient public health care system, together with supplemental programmes and easy availability of the vaccine, meant that most young pregnant women, and university students at entrance, should have been protected. Yet significant correlations in the prevalence of HBV infection with age were found in these groups of subjects, increasing from low to high endemicity rates from late teenage to the early twenties. This can only be attributed to vaccine failure, and there is cumulating evidence that several factors are involved, including the failure to respond to a primary series of hepatitis B vaccination in infancy, the waning of antibody titer with age, and loss of anamnestic response in a significant portion of the vaccinees. The duration of protection conferred by hepatitis B vaccination in infancy should be re-examined and remedial measures undertaken if its long term protection is found to be insufficient. Otherwise, the efforts to control HBV infection, especially in high endemicity regions, with universal vaccination in infancy would be rendered futile.

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“…It is generally assumed that anti-HBs titers decline rapidly within the first year and then more slowly after primary immunization, and the higher the antibody levels, the longer the period of protection. 8,9,15,16 The total anti-HBs GMT observed at 1 month and 12 months after the third dose was 375.43 and 40.60 mIU/ml, respectively. There were significant differences among the schedules that showed a significant increase from the 0-1-3 to 0-1-12 schedule at both time points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Optimal vaccination program for healthy adults in China

Yao

Qiu

Chen

et al. 2015

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics

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These authors equally contributed to this work. Keywords: adult vaccination, anti-HBs titers, hepatitis B vaccine, immunogenicityThere is still no suitable routine hepatitis B immunization strategy for adults in China. To establish an optimal vaccination schedule for healthy adults, we investigated various schedules in healthy adults. In this randomized 5143 healthy adults received 10 mg hepatitis B vaccine at 0, 1 and 3 months(group A), 0, 1 and 6 months(group B), or 0, 1 and 12 months(group C). Blood samples were collected after 1 month and 12 months after the third dose. The geometric mean titer (GMT), seroconversion rate (levels of anti-HBs 10 mIU/mL) and high response rate (levels of antiHBs 100 mIU/mL) were assayed. In our study, 2438 healthy adults finished the full vaccination program and follow-up. The seroconversion/sero-protective rate of groups A-C at one and 12 month after administration of the third vaccine dose was 100%, 99.9% and 97.9% verse 64.9%, 75.7% and 79.0%, respectively. GMT for anti-HBs tested in group A to C within 1 or 12 month after the third vaccination was 213.16, 432.58 and 451.47 mIU/ml verse 22.07, 46.70 and 56.18 mIU/ml, respectively. There were significant differences of seroconversion/sero-protective rate and GMT among the 3 groups (p < 0.01). Given the high anti-HBs seroconversion rate and GMT in all 3 groups, a flexible schedule for Hepatitis B vaccine should be recommended to adults, but 0-1-12 schedule is a better choice.

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Antibody Levels and Protection after Hepatitis B Vaccination: Results of a 15-Year Follow-up

Abstract: Hepatitis B vaccination strongly protected against infection for at least 15 years in all age groups. Antibody levels decreased the most among persons immunized at 4 years of age or younger.

Cited by 275 publications

References 30 publications

Serological and molecular epidemiological outcomes after two decades of universal infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in Nunavut, Canada

Serological and molecular epidemiological outcomes after two decades of universal infant hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in Nunavut, Canada

Immune persistence after hepatitis B vaccination in infancy – Fact or fancy?

Optimal vaccination program for healthy adults in China

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