Antibody Responses to the Epstein–Barr Virus and Cytomegaloviruses after Open-Heart and Other Surgery

Cytomegalovirus antibody production in renal transplant patients

“…PI 1/128-1/1024 which explains observations that patients with high initial titres tend to produce smaller increases (Henle et al 1970;Purcell et al 1971;Caul et al 1971 haemodialysis; admission to hospital, and transplantation ( Fig. 3a-d, Table 5).…”

“…Kanich & Craighead (1966) did not find evidence of CMV infection in those renal transplant patients not given immunosuppressives. However, immunosuppressed patients are rendered susceptible to fresh infection as is only too well known and their environment contains infective CMV (Craighead, 1969) as well as do many of the kidneys transplanted and at least 5 % of units of fresh blood they may be given (Diosi et al 1969;Henle et al 1970;Klemola et al 1969). The situation is more complex than post-perfusion for openheart surgery where primary infections have been described (Henle et al 1970;Lang & Hanshaw, 1969;Paloheimo et al 1968) yet even here reactivation is thought to be a factor by some (Klemola et al 1969;Caul et al 1971) whilst others maintain reactivation is the main factor (Purcell et al 1971).…”

“…The appearance of Fig. 3(a) .I.I.I.I but post-perfusion (Henle et al 1970;Caul et al 1971) and post-transfusion (Purcell et al 1971). It was associated with an earlier grouping of rises but they still extended for a long period.…”

“…However, immunosuppression also leads to increased susceptibility to infections of many kinds, including primary CMV infections (Bodey, Wertlake, Douglas & Levin, 1965) so that the problem arose of the part played by the two sources of virus, reactivated endogenous virus (Kanich & Craighead, 1966) compared with fresh infection (Craighead, Hanshaw & Carpenter, 1967). The demonstration that the post-perfusion syndrome (Kaariainen, Klemola & Paloheimo, 1966) in openheart surgery patients, not on immunosuppression, was due to CMV increased the likelihood that such CMV infections were exogenous, but even though infective virus in donor blood was demonstrated by Kaariainen et al (1966) and others the relative parts played by reactivation and infection or re-infection continue to be the subject of discussion both in immunosuppressed (Andersen & Spencer, 1969;Armstrong et al 1971) and other patients (Henle et al 1970;Caul et al 1971;Purcell et al 1971).…”

Nasopharyngeal Cancer – An Expanding Puzzle – Claiming for Answers

“…The causal link between EBV and BL was corroborated by evidence showing that BL patient sera had elevated antibodies to EBV antigens (Henle and Henle 1966) . This group also established a link between primary EBV infection and infectious mononucleosis and, subsequently, the association of EBV with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Henle, Henle et al 1968;Henle, Henle et al 1970;zur Hausen, Schulte-Holthausen et al 1970). …”