Antibody to p40tax Protein of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus 1 and Infectivity

Kashiwagi, Seizaburo; Kajiyama, Wataru; Hayashi, Jun; Noguchi, Akinori; Nakashima, Kenichiro; Nomura, Hideyuki; Ikematsu, Hideyuki; Sawada, Thkashi; Kida, Shigeru; Koide, Atsushi

doi:10.1093/infdis/161.3.426

Cited by 32 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…A similar tendency was seen in the study of the Yaeyama District of Okinawa among individuals aged over 2 years. (Kashiwagi et al, 1990). These findings support the hypothesis that anti-Tax antibody is a risk factor for HTLV-I transmission from mother to child.…”

supporting

confidence: 80%

“…Furthermore, by crosssectional analysis, the sero-prevalence of HTLV-I antibody among wives was found to be closely associated with the anti-Tax sero-status of HTLV-I carriers husbands Stuver et al, 1993). In a study of the Yaeyama Districts of Okinawa, Japan, Kashiwagi et al (1990) reported no significant difference in sero-prevalence of HTLV-I among wives according to husbands' anti-Tax sero-status. However, in the younger population (aged 30 years or less), they reported that sero-prevalence of HTLV-I was higher among wives with anti-Tax ϩ spouses than those with anti-Tax Ϫ husbands although not significantly so.…”

mentioning

confidence: 95%

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Intrafamilial transmission of HTLV-I and its association with anti-Tax antibody in an endemic population in Japan

et al. 1998

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supporting

confidence: 80%

mentioning

confidence: 95%

Intrafamilial transmission of HTLV-I and its association with anti-Tax antibody in an endemic population in Japan

et al. 1998

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“…Moreover, healthy carriers of HTLV-1 as well as patients with HTLV-1-associated diseases may lose some proviral sequences while they retain others. In such instances, it is not unusual for the tax sequence to be retained (12). Because of the low prevalence of HTLV infection in the United States, this issue has received little attention.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transmission of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Tax to Rabbits bytax-Only-Positive Human Cells

Zucker‐Franklin

Pancake

Lalezari

et al. 2000

Clin Diagn Lab Immunol

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The human T-cell lymphrotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is causally related to adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma and the neurodegenerative diseases tropical spastic paraparesis and HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. In the United States the prevalence of infection has been estimated to range from 0.016 to 0.1% on the basis of serologic tests for antibodies to the viral structural proteins. Blood from donors positive for antibodies to HTLV-1 or HTLV-2 is not used for transfusion. However, patients with the cutaneous T-cell lymphoma mycosis fungoides (MF) are HTLV-1 and -2 seronegative yet harbor proviral sequences identical to those that encode the HTLV-1 transactivating and transforming gene product p40tax in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), and they usually have antibodies to p40 tax . Moreover, a study of 250 randomly selected blood donors revealed that approximately 8% of these seronegative individuals also had HTLV-1 tax sequences and antibodies to p40 tax , while they lacked sequences and antibodies related to gag, pol, or env. Thus, it seemed important to determine whether the "tax-only" state can be transmitted by transfusion. To this end, PBMCs from HTLV-1 and -2 seronegative tax-only-positive MF patients or from healthy tax-only-positive blood donors were injected into adult rabbits, an established animal model for HTLV-1 infection. The PBMCs of all injected rabbits became tax sequence positive. These observations suggest that HTLV-1 tax can be transmitted by tax-only-positive mononuclear cells.The human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) type 1 (HTLV-1) is causally associated with adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma (27) as well as with the nonneoplastic conditions tropical spastic paraparesis (5) and HTLV-associated myelopathy (22). The vast majority of patients with these diseases as well as healthy carriers of HTLV-1 have antibodies to the structural proteins of this virus. Because infection has been shown to be transmitted by transfusion (18, 21), all blood collected for this purpose has been screened for antibodies to this virus since 1988 (2). However, subsequent studies with patients with the cutaneous T-cell lymphoma mycosis fungoides (MF) revealed that the majority carry the proviral tax sequence of HTLV-1 in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and skin-infiltrating lymphocytes, while they have no antibodies to the structural proteins of the virus (14,24). This raised the question of whether the "tax-only"-positive state may also pertain to some healthy, serologically negative blood donors. Indeed, on the basis of serologic tests for 250 randomly selected donors who presented at the New York University Medical Center blood bank, 8.6% proved to harbor proviral HTLV-1 tax in their PBMCs and also had antibodies to p40 tax , the protein encoded by this sequence (36, 39). Therefore, a study to determine whether the tax-only state could be transmitted by transfusion of tax-positive cells seemed to be indicated. It should be recalled here that HTLV-1 tax functions in the transcrip...

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“…This transmission is linked to the presence of HTL V -1 provirus in mononuc1ear ceIls in breast milk (Kinoshita et al, , 1985a. MaternaI factors associated with transmission, which correIate with high HTL v-1 viral Ioad, are: high HTL V -1 antibody titres directed against the whole virus, presence of anti-Tax antibodies and in-vitro maternaI HTLV-I antigen expression in short-term culture (Sugiyama et aL., 1986;Hino et aL., 1987 a;Sawada et al, 1989;Kashiwagi et aL., 1990;Wiktor et al, 1993). Other factors inc1ude the presence of antibodies directed against certain immunogenic epitopes of the gp46 envelope glycoprotein and maternaI age:: 30 years (Wiktor et al, 1993).…”

Section: Serological Detection Of Specifie Antibodiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

1991

Analytica Chimica Acta

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Antibody to p40tax Protein of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus 1 and Infectivity

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Intrafamilial transmission of HTLV-I and its association with anti-Tax antibody in an endemic population in Japan

Intrafamilial transmission of HTLV-I and its association with anti-Tax antibody in an endemic population in Japan

Transmission of Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Tax to Rabbits bytax-Only-Positive Human Cells

Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans

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