Anticancer activity of subfractions containing pure compounds of Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) extract in human cancer cells and in Balbc/c mice bearing Sarcoma-180 cells

Abstract

The Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) has been used in folk medicine to treat cancers. However, limited information exists on the underlying anticancer effects of the major component of I. obliquus in vivo. We hypothesize that the pure compounds (3β-hydroxy-lanosta-8,24-dien-21-al, inotodiol and lanosterol, respectively) separated from I. obliquus would inhibit tumor growth in Balbc/c mice bearing Sarcoma-180 cells (S-180) in vivo and growth of human carcinoma cells in vitro. To test this hypothesis, the growth inhibition of each subfraction isolated from I. obliquus on human carcinoma cell lines (lung carcinoma A-549 cells, stomach adenocarcinoma AGS cells, breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cells, and cervical adenocarcinoma HeLa cells) was tested in vitro. Then, after S-180 implantation, the mice were fed a normal chow supplemented with 0, 0.1 or 0.2 mg of subfraction 1, 2 or 3 per mouse per day. All of the subfractions isolated from I. obliquus showed significant cytotoxic activity against the selected cancer cell lines in vitro. Subfraction 1 was more active than subfraction 2 and subfraction 3 against the A549, AGS and MCF-7 cancer cell lines in vitro. In in vivo results, subfraction 1 isolated from I. obliquus at concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 mg/mouse per day significantly decreased tumor volume by 23.96% and 33.71%, respectively, as compared with the control. Subfractions 2 and 3 also significantly inhibited tumor growth in mice bearing S-180 as compared with the control mouse tumor. Subfraction 1 isolated from I. obliquus showed greater inhibition of tumor growth than subfractions 2 and 3, which agrees well with the in vitro results. The results suggest that I. obliquus and its compounds in these subfractions isolated from I. obliquus could be used as natural anticancer ingredients in the food and/or pharmaceutical industry.

Estonian folk traditional experiences on natural anticancer remedies: From past to the future

“…In recent years, more than 20 different kinds of bioactive components have been found in I. obliquus, including triterpenoids, polyphenols, steroids, b-glucan, peptides, and polysaccharides, suggesting a high medicinal value and good prospects for market development (Hu et al, 2009;Song et al, 2013). Triterpenoids such as inotodiol, lanosterol, and trametenolic acid are considered the main antitumor ingredients being able to induce growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in different cancer cells; however, the exact molecular mechanisms by which these effects occur are still not well understood (Chung et al, 2010;Du et al, 2011;Nomura et al, 2008;Youn et al, 2009;Zhong et al, 2011). Polysaccharides from I. obliquus can indirectly be involved in anticancer processes mainly via stimulating the immune system (Lee et al, 2009;Song et al, 2013).…”

“…Despite the diagnostic and therapeutic advancements burden of this devastating disease is continuously growing and according to the estimation of the World Health Organization, the approximate 12.7 million new cancer cases that occurred globally in 2008 will be increased to 21.3 million by 2030 (Kim et al, 2011;Song et al, 2013). Numerous cytotoxic drugs can destroy tumor and arrest disease progression but most of them are too toxic to normal cells causing critical critical to healthy tissues (Chung et al, 2010;Fan et al, 2012;Susanti et al, 2012;Tripathy & Pradhan, 2013). This limits their effectiveness and use as chemotherapeutic drugs and highlights an urgent need to develop agents with minimal side effects to normal organs.…”

Cardioprotective effect of <i>Volvariella volvacea</i> in streptozotocin administered rats

“…Mushroom compounds, polysaccharides, β-glucans, lectins, lactones, terpenoids, alkaloids, sterols and phenolics (Chung et al, 2010) are found to have antioxidant potential. In vitro studies of V. volvacea also showed anti-oxidant activity (Punitha and Rajasekaran, 2014).…”

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“…Percentage cell viability by Oyster mushroom total protein and Papain hydrolysates were analysed by using MTT assay in Vero cell line 5 . Oyster mushroom total protein and papain hydrolysates were taken at different concentrations ranging from 100-500µg/ml.…”