Anticancer, Cytotoxic Effect of Tamarix Aphylla, and Antibacterial Screening Efficiency Against Multidrug-Resistant Human Pathogens

Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the anticancer, cytotoxic effect of Tamarix aphylla, and antibacterial effectiveness against 10 pathogenic bacteria that cause common and sometimes serious infections in human and animals.Methods: T. aphylla fresh and disease-free leaves were collected from the different geographical regions of Saudi Arabia. The anticancer, cytotoxic effect of T. aphylla leaves, and antibacterial screening efficiency against multidrug-resistant human pathogens were investigated in vitro using Vero cells as a normal cells and MCF-7 (breast adenocarcinoma cells).Results: T. aphylla leaf extracts exhibited a low cytotoxic effect on Vero cell line at high concentration, with an 50% cytotoxicity concentration value of >1000 μg/ml. The methanolic extract inhibited MCF-7 cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. The methanol and ethanol extracts showed antibacterial activity with variable inhibition effects and differences in their activities against tested pathogenic bacteria ranging from very high inhibition (20.7±1.3 mm) to low (4±0.6 mm). The minimum inhibitory concentration of methanol and ethanol results showed no significant differences.Conclusions: The findings of this study conclude that the T. aphylla leaf extract had lower toxicity on normal cell line (low toxic plant) and significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells. T. aphylla has potential antibacterial biomolecules against multidrug-resistant human pathogens.

Pharmacological Efficacy of Tamarix aphylla: A Comprehensive Review

“…As a result, the findings of this investigation suggested that T. aphylla ’s cytotoxic strength should be considered a potential applicant for future testing in vivo and in vitro against various additional cell types. This is in line with earlier research on the intriguing anticancer properties of Tamarix species [ 80 ]. Antiproliferative effectiveness was found against MCF-7 cells using the leaf extract of T. aphylla ; thus, it should be employed in future antiproliferative studies.…”

“…There were no significant variations in the lowest inhibitory concentrations of ethanol and methanol extracts. T. aphylla contains antibacterial biomolecules that might be used to combat multidrug-resistant human infections [ 80 ]. The methanolic extract of T. aphylla and its phytochemical constituents were explored in vitro for antibacterial activity against various microbial strains.…”

“…Plant bioactive compounds and phytochemicals can prevent more than 20% of cancer diagnoses and 200,000 cancer-related deaths per year. Several plants are being studied for cancer prevention due to their lesser toxicity, safety, and antioxidant qualities [ 80 , 132 , 136 ]. Since the 1940s, natural products or derivatives of natural products have accounted for 48.6% of the 175 small compounds authorized for cancer treatment [ 137 ].…”

Chemical profiling and cytotoxic potential of the n-butanol fraction of Tamarix nilotica flowers

“…Previous research found that several Tamarix species have displayed varying cytotoxic activities. Breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) were suppressed by the methanolic extract of T. aphylla in a concentration-dependent manner [ 33 ]. Different extracts of T. senegalensis demonstrated anti-cancer effects in human liver (Huh-7) and lung (A-549) carcinoma cells [ 31 ].…”

“…T. nilotica extracts have demonstrated antioxidant, antiangiogenic, cytotoxic, hepatoprotective, antifibrotic, antidiabetic, and antimicrobial activities in relation to their phenolic contents [29][30][31]. Although both species are indigenous in Egypt, many studies targeted T. aphylla which was mentioned for comparison to T. nilotica [16,20,22,28,[32][33][34][35]. Besides, T. nilotica was the one easily available for us to carry on with this study.…”