Anticancer Effects of Medical Malaysian Leech Saliva Extract (LSE)

Merzouk, Ahmed

doi:10.4172/2153-2435.s15-001

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Previously, published data provided evidence that Shui Zhi could benefit cancer therapy by inhibiting the proliferation of human HepG2 and DNA methylation [ 1 ]. Other reports clearly showed that peptides from anticoagulant proteins, such as hirudin and antistasin aforementioned, were metastatic inhibitors against various cancers [ 56 , 57 ]. Since coagulation is related to proliferation and metastasis, blocking the cascade can have an antitumor effect [ 58 , 59 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of the salivary gland of medicinal leech Hirudo nipponia

Shi

You

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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Hirudo nipponia (known as Shui Zhi in Chinese) is a well-known Chinese medicine with numerous active ingredients in its body, especially in its saliva. This native Chinese blood-sucking leech has been used for therapeutic purposes since before 100 AD. Modern Chinese physicians use it for a wide range of diseases. Genomic data and molecular information about the pharmacologically active substances produced by this medicinal leech are presently unavailable despite this organism’s medicinal importance. In this study, we performed transcriptome profiling of the salivary glands of medicinal leech H. nipponia using the Illumina platform. In total, 84,657,362 clean reads were assembled into 50,535 unigenes. The obtained unigenes were compared to public databases. Furthermore, a unigene sequence similarity search and comparisons with the whole transcriptome of medical leech were performed to identify potential proteins. Finally, more than 21 genes were predicted to be involved in anticoagulatory, antithrombotic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antitumor processes, which might play important roles in the treatment of various diseases. This study is the first analysis of a sialotranscriptome in H. nipponia. The transcriptome profile will shed light on its genetic background and provide a useful tool to deepen our understanding of the medical value of H. nipponia.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis of the salivary gland of medicinal leech Hirudo nipponia

Shi

You

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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“…As a result, it was observed that the combination of leech saliva with anticancer drugs decreased significantly the cell viability and cell migration in the SW1721 cell line compared with the application of anticancer drugs alone. 25 In the study by Pang et al, the effect of hirudin obtained from leech saliva on diabetic mouse kidney glomerular endothelial cell with renal angiopathy was investigated. 26 Hirudin applied to the glomerular endothelial cell line of diabetic mice with angiopathy was found to inhibit cell migration in an in vitro wound model.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Investigation of Effects of Medicinal Leech Saliva Extract on the Breast Fibroblast Cell Line In Vitro: An Experimental Study

ÜNAL,

TIRIK,

EROL

et al. 2023

J Tradit Complem Med

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Medicinal leeches benefit by delivering various bioactive substances from their saliva during sucking. It was aimed to investigate the effects of leech saliva extract (LSE) on breast fibroblast cell line (Hs 578Bst) and HUVEC (CRL-1730) line in vitro. Material and Methods: Leech saliva was obtained from medicinal leeches of the Hirudo verbana species. The LSE was obtained from the Hirudo verbana. LSE dose amounts (400 µg/mL, 200 µg/mL, 100 µg/mL and 50 µg/mL) were adjusted for protein concentration. In cell culture; cell viability, apoptosis, cell migration and gene expressions responsible for these effects were evaluated. The effect of LSE on the cell viability was evaluated with MTT assay. The Scratching Test was used to evaluate the effects of LSE on the cell migration. The effect of LSE on mRNA expression levels of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) was determined with polymerase chain reaction. The effect of LSE on apoptosis was investigated with flow cytometry. Results: The doses of LSE (400-50 µg/mL) significantly increased the cell viability compared with the control group for 24 h and 48 h (p<0.05). In the scratching test, it was observed that the 50 µg/mL dose induced the cell migration and covered all areas with cells at 24 h. It was observed that 200 µg/mL LSE up-regulated the mRNA expression of FGF, VEGF and EGF compared with the control and other groups (p<0.001). All doses of LSE shows no apoptotic or necrotic effects in the cell lines. Conclusion: In this study, it was found that the LSE applied at different doses had significant effects on the cell viability, cell migration and gene expression responsible for these effects in the breast fibroblast cell line.

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“…to estimate the total proteins in Leech saliva extract. [ 26 ] Traditionally, in vitro determinations of toxic effects of unknown compounds have been performed by counting viable cells after staining with a vital dye.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro antiproliferative effect of earthworm coelomic fluid of Eudrilus eugeniae, Eisenia foetida, and Perionyx excavatus on squamous cell carcinoma-9 cell line: A pilot study

Augustine¹,

Rao²,

Anbu³

et al. 2017

Phcog Res

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Introduction:The earthworm coelomic fluid (ECF) has shown proven antiproliferative effect against breast, liver, gastrointestinal, and brain cancer, but it is least explored in oral cancer. The present in vitro study is an attempt to investigate the antiproliferative activity of ECF on oral cancer cell line squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)-9.Materials and Methods:ECF was collected from the species Eudrilus eugeniae (EE), Eisenia foetida (EF), and Perionyx excavatus (PE) stored at −80°C. Percentage inhibition of ECF on squamous cell carcinoma-9 cells in vitro was recorded at 24 h. Protein estimation was done using Bradford protein assay validated by the biuret method. Cytotoxicity was tested at 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 μg/ml concentrations by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay in SCC-9 cells in vitro. GraphPad Prism 7.0 software was used to calculate the inhibitory concentration (IC50). Chi-square test was used to analyze the difference between samples.Results:The test samples EE, EF, and PE inhibited the growth of SCC-9 cells significantly in a dose-dependent manner, and the IC50 values were found to be 4.6, 44.69, and 5.27 μg/ml, respectively. The antiproliferative effect was found to be variable among the three earthworm species with EE showing the most promising effect followed by PE and EF.Conclusion:Establishing the antiproliferative effect of ECF on oral cancer cells could be an initial step toward drug development and future anticancer research. The preliminary investigation has shown that ECF has a promising antiproliferative effect on oral cancer cells in vitro.SUMMARYThe present pilot study evaluated the in vitro antiproliferative effect of earthworm coelomic fluid (ECF) of Eudrilus eugeniae (EE), Eisenia foetida (EF), and Perionyx excavatus (PE) on squamous cell carcinoma-9 cell line. The ECF inhibitory activity was promising at inhibitory concentration values of 4.6, 44.69, and 5.27 μg/ml, respectively. Further studies pertaining to antiproliferative mechanism of EE, EF, and PE have been planned.Abbreviations Used: ECF: Earthworm coelomic fluid, EE: Eudrilus eugeniae, EF: Eisenia foetida, PE: Perionyx excavatus, MTT: 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, SCC: Squamous cell carcinoma, BSA: Bovine serum albumin, PBS: Phosphored buffered saline, ATCC: American Type Culture Collection

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Anticancer Effects of Medical Malaysian Leech Saliva Extract (LSE)

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Transcriptomic analysis of the salivary gland of medicinal leech Hirudo nipponia

Transcriptomic analysis of the salivary gland of medicinal leech Hirudo nipponia

The Investigation of Effects of Medicinal Leech Saliva Extract on the Breast Fibroblast Cell Line In Vitro: An Experimental Study

In vitro antiproliferative effect of earthworm coelomic fluid of Eudrilus eugeniae, Eisenia foetida, and Perionyx excavatus on squamous cell carcinoma-9 cell line: A pilot study

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