Anticancer Potency of Seagrass <i>(Enhalus acoroides)</i> Methanol Extract in the <i>HeLa</i> Cervical Cancer Cell Culture

Background Seagrasses are unique marine flowering plants. Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle (family Hydrocharitaceae), a new record for the Egyptian coast of the Red Sea, was the grass of choice. A comparative study on Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle (leaves, roots and rhizomes) was done to determine the plant organ that shows the highest antiproliferative and antioxidant activities. The total phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu method. The total flavonoid content was estimated by the aluminum chloride assay. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis was performed to detect the chemical functional groups in the extract. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was done for the qualitative and quantitative evaluation of phenolic compounds. UPLC-ESI-TOF–MS was performed for metabolomics profiling of the extract. Antioxidant activity was determined using the DPPH scavenger percentage method. Antiproliferation assay against hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2, human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 was performed for the three seagrass organs. Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was measured after treatment with three extracts against MCF-7 cell line. Results The highest phenolic content is found in the leaves, while roots exhibited the highest DPPH scavenger percentage. The total concentration of phenolic compounds detected by HPLC was leaves > rhizomes > roots. Also leaves exhibit the highest antiproliferative activity and mitochondrial membrane potential depletion effect against MCF-7 cell line tested. UPLC-ESI-TOF–MS metabolite profiling of leaves detected different secondary and primary metabolites to which the activity was retained. Leaves are a new candidate to be used in the treatment of cancer. Conclusion Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle leaves extract is a new nutraceutical candidate. Further in-depth studies are required on Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle leaves. Graphical abstract

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A comparative study of the bioavailability of Red Sea seagrass, Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle (leaves, roots, and rhizomes) as anticancer and antioxidant with preliminary phytochemical characterization using HPLC, FT-IR, and UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS spectroscopic analysis

Shaffai

Mettwally

Mohamed

2023

Beni-Suef Univ J Basic Appl Sci

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Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Testing of HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells Using Seagrass Ethanolic Extraction (Cymodocea rotundata and Enhalus acoroides )

Widiastuti,

Istikomah,

Barliana

et al. 2024

Biomed. Pharmacol. J.

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Many treatments of cervical cancer leave some side effects. Therefore, other cancer treatment which can reduce the side effects must be elaborated, one is by searching of some natural products. Some of the natural products could be obtained from the marine biota such as seagrass, Cymodecea rotundata and Enhalus acoroides. Most of seagrass have bioactive compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and steroids which have antioxidants, antitumor and anticancer activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the activity of the ethanolic extraction of C. rotundata and E. acoroides against HeLa cells. To determine their cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity, we used the CCK-8 assay, with series concentrations of 62.5 ppm, 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm, and doxorubicin as control drug (with incubation times of 24, 48, 72 hours). The results indicated that both extracts had cytotoxic effect on HeLa cell line, with IC50 values of 856.65 ppm (C. rotundata) and 645.96 ppm (E. acoroides). While their anti-proliferative activity indicated by the doubling time of HeLa cell lines, reached 297 hours for C. rotundata at 1000 ppm, and 370 hours for E. acoroids at of 500 ppm. It was concluded that the ethanol extracts of C. rotundata and E. acoroides were cytotoxic and had antiproliferative activity against HeLa cells.

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Seagrass Meadows: Prospective Candidates for Bioactive Molecules

Ameen,

Jayadev,

Prasad

et al. 2024

Molecules

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Seagrass meadows consist of angiosperms that thrive fully submerged in marine environments and form distinct ecosystems. They provide essential support for many organisms, acting as nursery grounds for species of economic importance. Beyond their ecological roles, seagrasses and their associated microbiomes are rich sources of bioactive compounds with the potential to address numerous human healthcare challenges. Seagrasses produce bioactive molecules responding to physical, chemical, and biological environmental changes. These activities can treat microbe-borne diseases, skin diseases, diabetes, muscle pain, helminthic diseases, and wounds. Seagrasses also offer potential secondary metabolites that can be used for societal benefits. Despite numerous results on their presence and bioactive derivatives, only a few studies have explored the functional and therapeutic properties of secondary metabolites from seagrass. With the increasing spread of epidemics and pandemics worldwide, the demand for alternative drug sources and drug discovery has become an indispensable area of research. Seagrasses present a reliable natural source, making this an opportune moment for further exploration of their pharmacological activities with minimal side effects. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the biochemical, phytochemical, and biomedical applications of seagrasses globally over the last two decades, highlighting the prospective areas of future research for identifying biomedical applications.

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Anticancer Potency of Seagrass (Enhalus acoroides) Methanol Extract in the HeLa Cervical Cancer Cell Culture

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

A comparative study of the bioavailability of Red Sea seagrass, Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle (leaves, roots, and rhizomes) as anticancer and antioxidant with preliminary phytochemical characterization using HPLC, FT-IR, and UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS spectroscopic analysis

A comparative study of the bioavailability of Red Sea seagrass, Enhalus acoroides (L.f.) Royle (leaves, roots, and rhizomes) as anticancer and antioxidant with preliminary phytochemical characterization using HPLC, FT-IR, and UPLC-ESI-TOF-MS spectroscopic analysis

Cytotoxic and Antiproliferative Testing of HeLa Cervical Cancer Cells Using Seagrass Ethanolic Extraction (Cymodocea rotundata and Enhalus acoroides )

Seagrass Meadows: Prospective Candidates for Bioactive Molecules

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