Anticipatory postural adjustments stabilise the whole upper-limb prior to a gentle index finger tap

Caronni, Antonio; Cavallari, Paolo

doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1668-2

Cited by 41 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…An important anticipatory reduction in the EMG activity could also be observed in the more proximal AD muscle. Thus, the reciprocal modulation at the elbow and the inhibitory effect at the shoulder would in fact counteract both the arm flexion and the scapular elevation, which is developed when the index finger is flexed, so that the full APA chain stabilizes the more distal joints (Caronni and Cavallari 2009a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this purpose, a known experimental paradigm was used (Caronni and Cavallari 2009a), in which index finger flexion promoted by the FDS muscle evokes APAs in BB, TB, and AD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first paper that shows that a short-term immobilization interferes with the control of the postural muscles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present paper, a simple paradigm of index finger flexion and the related APAs chain was studied before and after applying a splint to the metacarpophalangeal and radiocarpal joints for 12 h. Indeed, we have recently shown (Caronni and Cavallari 2009a) that even a gentle index finger flexion is preceded by a complex fixation chain, which distributes to several upper limb muscles. In that paper, we predicted that the central activity supporting APAs might be intimately coupled to voluntary movement, also when its effect on motoneurons is subliminal.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Hand immobilization affects arm and shoulder postural control

et al. 2012

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It is a common experience, immediately after the removal of a cast or a splint, to feel motor awkwardness, which is usually attributed to muscular and joint immobilization. However, the same feeling may also be perceived after a brief period of immobilization. We provide evidence that this last effect stems from changes in the cortical organization of the focal movement as well as in the associated anticipatory postural adjustments. Indeed, these two aspects of the motor act are strongly correlated, although scaled in different manners. In fact, they are both shaped in the primary motor cortex, they both undergo similar amplitude and latency modulation and, as we will show, they are both impaired by the immobilization of the lone prime mover. Neuromuscular effects of limb immobilization are well known; however, most papers focus on changes occurring in the pathways projecting to the prime mover, which acts on the immobilized joint. Conversely, this study investigates the effect of immobilization on anticipatory postural adjustments. Indeed, we show that 12 h of wrist and fingers immobilization effectively modify anticipatory postural adjustments of the elbow and the shoulder, that is, those joints not immobilized within the fixation chain. Accordingly, the motor impairment observed after short-term immobilization most likely stems from the unbalance between anticipatory postural adjustments and the focal movement.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Hand immobilization affects arm and shoulder postural control

et al. 2012

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“…The trunk must automatically anticipate upper limb movements by setting anticipatory postural adjustments (APA). APA's provide a chain of fixation for prime movers [17] and are only effective if sufficient postural control, built on a stabile core, is present.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

JSU-Diagram: A Guideline for Treatment of the Upper Limb in Stroke Patients

Michielsen¹

2015

Int J Phys Med Rehabil

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Recovery of efficient, functional use of the upper limb post stroke can contribute to an increased quality of life. Early implementation of well-structured upper limb treatment after stroke may affect recovery of upper limb function and dexterity. The JSU (Jessa Sint-Ursula) diagram should be considered a guideline to work on the objectives needed to shape the rehabilitation of the upper limb at various stages of recovery. The diagram starts with upper limb rehabilitation from day one, even in the absence of sufficient trunk control and aims at offering a logical theoretical strategy for improving the recovery of function of the upper limb.

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“…Por meio desse mecanismo músculos das pernas e do tronco são pré-ativados para garantir o controle da postura vertical (28,27) diante de mudanças na postura causadas por forças que lhe são aplicadas (29) , como por exemplo durante o movimento rápido do membro superior na posição ortostática (8,30) .…”

Section: Mobilizadores Globaisunclassified

Análise do Comportamento Eletromiográfico dos Músculos Estabilizadores Primários e a Relação com a Capacidade Física Funcional de Indivíduos Assintomáticos

Jassi¹

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Anticipatory postural adjustments stabilise the whole upper-limb prior to a gentle index finger tap

Abstract: Background: Studies in animals suggest that the noradrenergic system arising from the locus coeruleus (LC) and dopaminergic pathways mutually influence each other. Little is known however, about the functional state of the LC in patients with Parkinson disease (PD).

Cited by 41 publications

References 38 publications

Hand immobilization affects arm and shoulder postural control

Hand immobilization affects arm and shoulder postural control

JSU-Diagram: A Guideline for Treatment of the Upper Limb in Stroke Patients

Análise do Comportamento Eletromiográfico dos Músculos Estabilizadores Primários e a Relação com a Capacidade Física Funcional de Indivíduos Assintomáticos

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