Anticlastogenicity of Tinospora Cordifolia Stem Extract Against Arsenic Genotoxicity in Mus Musculus Bone Marrow Erythrocytes Using Micronucleus Assay

Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hook. F. and Thoms is a large deciduous, climbing shrub found throughout India, especially in the tropical parts ascending to an altitude of 300 m and also in certain parts of China (Anonymous). It belongs to the family Menispermaceae. It is known as heart-leaved Moonseed plant in English, Guduchi in Sanskrit, and Giloy in Hindi. It is known for its immense application in the treatment of various diseases in the traditional ayurvedic literature. T. cordifolia, also named as “heavenly elixir,” is used in various ayurvedic decoctions as panacea to treat several body ailments. (Mishra R,) Its root stems, and leaves are used in Ayurvedic medicine. T. cordifolia is used for diabetes, high cholesterol, allergic rhinitis (hay fever), upset stomach, gout, lymphoma and other cancers, rheumatoid arthritis, hepatitis, peptic ulcer disease, fever, gonorrhea, syphilis, and to boost the immune system (WebMD).

Section: Anticlastogenicity Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Multi-Activity Herbaceous Vine - Tinospora Cordifolia

Kattupalli¹,

Vesta²,

Vangara³

et al. 2019

“…Thus, the antioxidative potential of GA proves to be substantial against arsenic toxicity. Other studies such as combination therapy, by the utilization of chelating agents and antioxidants, have proven to be effective in toxicity studies [27]. Thus, the combination therapy may serve as a suggested therapeutic for arsenic toxicity, in replacement for the commonly used and less efficient treatment options.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Gallic Acid Against Arsenic-Induced Genotoxicity in Hepg2 Cell Line

Joseph

Moka

2020

Objective: Arsenic has cytotoxic as well as mutagenic effect in human health due to its indirect effect on oxidative stress on the cells. We aimed to find out the effect of gallic acid (GA), a well-known natural antioxidant in ameliorating in heavy metal toxicity. Methods: MTT assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) on HepG2 cells with the cytoprotectant GA at varying concentrations for exposure durations of 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h. Similarly, the alkaline version of the comet assay was performed to investigate the genotoxicity and assessment of oxidative stress of the cells using flow cytometry. Results: Cells treated with NaAsO2 at various doses spanning a broad range of concentrations (5–500 μM) showed a dose- and time-dependent decrease in cellular viability as observed. However, the effect of the proposed protectant, GA showed an increase in cellular viability in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: We assessed the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity induced by NaAsO2 to provide insight into the role of GA on arsenic-induced toxicity in liver cells and to shed light on its possible ameliorative effect at low concentrations in a time-dependent manner.

“…Numerous geothermal waters contain high groupings of arsenic. Common arsenic in groundwater at fixations over the drinking water standard of 10 µg/l is not extraordinary [17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Man-made wellsprings of arsenic, for example, mineral extraction and preparing squander, poultry and swine feed added substances, pesticides, and very solvent arsenic trioxide reserves are additionally normal and have caused the pollution of soils and groundwater.…”

Section: Arsenic In Groundwatermentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic: A Harmful and Desecrate Compound for the Humans

Chandra

Saini

Gupta

2019

Arsenic toxicity has become a burgeoning concern as several millions of people are exposed to this chemical through drinking water contamination by arsenic remains a major public health problem. Acute and chronic arsenic exposure through drinking water has been reported in many countries of the world, where a large proportion of drinking water is contaminated with high concentrations of arsenic. As contamination in groundwater has been found in more than 105 countries around the world, it has become the worldwide health problem as several millions of people are exposed to this toxicant. Arsenic contamination of different countries includes Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, Nepal, Thailand, and Chili is the major affected countries where inorganic arsenic in the groundwater with high concentration is seen. Arsenic is one of the most toxic metals which is originated from the natural environment. The catastrophe is that the majority of human arsenic toxicity is from polluted drinking water rather than agricultural sources (fertilizers or pesticides). The different areas across the Gangetic plains in Nepal and India also recently reported being affected by the arsenic. The hippocampus is a part of the limbic system that is crucial to memory function and spatial navigation. Hippocampus lesions in humans produce devastating impairments in declarative memory, and similar results have been seen in non-human primates with hippocampus neurobehavioral disorders.